单选题Directions: In this part there are four
passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of
them, there are four suggested answers. Choose the one that you think is
the best answer. Marle your ANSWER SHEET by drawing with a pencil a short bar
across the corresponding letter in the brackets.
The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things:
the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific
agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor
was scarce. "In Europe," said Thomas Jefferson, "the object is to make the
most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our
labor, land being abundant". It was in America, therefore, that the great
advances in nineteenth century agricultural machinery first came. At the opening
of the century, with the exception of a crude (粗糙的) plow, farmers Could have
carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. By
1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early
form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow.
As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a
cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The
farmers, however, would have none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the
soil and made the weeds grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their
attention to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana,
turned out the first chilled-steel plow.
单选题
The word "here" (Line 4, Para. 1) refers to ______.
A. Europe
B. America
C. New Jersey
D. Indiana
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 词义题。原文引用了Thomas Jefferson的话：“In Europe，”said Thomas Jef—ferson．“the object is to make the most of their land，labor being sufficient；here it is to make the most of our labor，land being abundant．”该句用了两个不同的词来修饰目的，可见这应该是两个不同的地方。前面提到了Europe，后面应该是欧洲之外的地方。下文马上提到了It was in America…，所以答案选B。
单选题
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The need for labor helped the invention of machinery in
America.
B. The farmer rejected Charles Newbolt's plow for fear of ruin of
their fields.
C. Both Europe and America had great need for farmer machinery.
D. It was in Indiana that the first chilled-steel plow was
produced.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 判断题。本题可采用逐项排除法。首先B和D比较容易定位，阅读原文后，肯定这两个选项是正确的。接下来要排除A和C中的一个。根据Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce…It was in America，therefore，that the great advances in nineteenth century agricultural machinery first came．可知A正确，因此只有C是错误的。
单选题
At the opening of the nineteenth century, farmers in America
______.
A. preferred light tools
B. were extremely self-reliant
C. had many tools
D. had very few tools
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。根据At the opening of the century，with the exception of a crude plow，farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs．19世纪初的农民除了粗糙的犁以外，现有的其他农具他们都有，可见他们的农具很多。
单选题
It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.
A. there was a shortage of workers on America farms
B. the most important of the early invention was the iron plow
C. after 1869, many people devoted their attention to the plow
D. Charles Newbolt had made a fortune by his cast-iron plow
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。根据Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce．可知省力农业机械首先是在缺乏劳动力的地方出现的，而美国19世纪在农业机械方面取得了很大进步，由此可推论，当时美国的农场缺乏劳动力。