单选题
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Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
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Some people talk about immigration in terms of politics, some in terms of history. But the core of the matter is numbers. The Labor Department says that immigrants make up about 15 percent of the work force. It's estimated that a third of those are undocumented workers. The Pew Hispanic Center estimates that one in four farmhands in the United States is an undocumented immigrant, and that they make up a significant portion of the people who build our houses, clean our office buildings and prepare our food.
America has become a nation dependent on the presence of newcomers, both those with green cards and those without. Business leaders say agriculture, construction, meatpacking and other industries would collapse without them.
Sure, it would be great if everyone were here legally, if the immigration service weren't such a disaster that getting a green card is a life's work. It would be great if other nations had economies robust enough to support their citizens so leaving home wasn't the only answer. But at a certain point public policy means dealing not only with how things ought to be but with how they are. Here's how they are: these people work the jobs we don't want, sometimes two and three jobs at a time. They do it on the cheap, which is tough, so that their children won't have to, which is good. They use services like hospitals and schools, which is a drain on public coffers, and they pay taxes, which contribute to them.
Immigration is never about today, always about tomorrow, an exercise in that thing some native-born Americans seem to have lost the knack for: deferred gratification. It's the educated man who arrived in the Washington D. C., area and took a job doing landscaping, then found work as a painter, then was hired to fix up an entire apartment complex by someone who liked his work ethic. He started his own business and wound up employing others. Does it matter that he arrived in this country with no work visa if he is now supporting the nation's economy?
If any towns, whose aging populations were on the wane before the immigrants arrived, succeed in driving newcomers away, those who remain will find themselves surrounded by empty storefronts, deserted restaurants and houses that will not sell. It's the civic equivalent of starving to death because you don't care for the food. But at least everyone involved can tell themselves their town wasted away while they were speaking English.
单选题 It is estimated that ______ of US workforce is made up of undocumented immigrants.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】本题为推理判断题。根据原文中提到的“immigrants make up about 15 percent of the work force. It's estimated that a third of those are undocumented workers”可以计算得出非法移民占据整个劳动力数量的 4.5%左右。选项D中提到的四分之一是农场劳动力的数据,因此选C。
单选题 What is the image of undocumented immigrants in the author's opinion?
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】本题为观点态度题。作者对于非法移民的评价一直认为其是美国经济发展所必不可少的要素。选项 A的观点在文中作为反面范例进行论证。选项C在文中并未提及。根据“They use services like hospitals and schools, which is a drain on public coffers, and they Pay taxes, which contribute to them.”,美国非法移民同样用自己缴纳的税务来为公共医疗教育体系做出自己的贡献,因此D不正确。故选B。
单选题 According to the text, if all the newcomers are driven away from a city, it would be possible that ______
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】本题为推理判断题。根据最后一段的表述,如果城市没有移民的话,需求的减少会令整个地区的经济停滞不前。选项A和D与文意不符,选项C中所提到的starve to death在文章中只是作为比喻出现,并不是指真的饿死。根据文中所提到的“those who remain will find themselves surrounded by empty storefronts, deserted restaurants and houses that will not sell”可以推断出房屋租赁业肯定会受到极大冲击,因此选B。
单选题 In the author's opinion, why do undocumented immigrants straggle for life?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】本题为推理判断题。选项A和B在文中都是作为非法移民所从事的工作种类与性质的描述出现,而并非其目的所在。原文中提到非法移民是由于所在国经济不够繁荣而无法支持其生存,但并没有提到支持其所在国的问题,因此C不正确。根据“They do it on the cheap, which is tough, so that their children won't have to, which is good.”可以推断答案D正确。
单选题 The example of the young man in Washington D.C. has shown that ______
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】本题为观点态度题。作者列举年轻人的例子是为了说明.“Does it matter that he arrived in this country with no work visa if he is now supporting the nation's economy?”,从一个成功范例说明是否拥有工作签证对于能否对于美国经济作出贡献并无太大影响。因此选B。