单选题 The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To food a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities(便利设施) such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them.
One of the difficulties in carrying out a worldwide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources. It will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In a highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birthrate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than un which is stable or in decline.

单选题 To food a large population, ______.
A. inferior land must be cultivated
B. good land must work intensively
C. each person must produce less
D. Both A and B.

单选题 A small population may mean ______.
A. higher productivity but a lower average income
B. lower productivity but a higher average income
C. lower productivity and a lower average income
D. higher productivity and a higher average income

单选题 According to the passage, a large population will produce a chance for developing ______.
A. agriculture B. transport system
C. industry D. national economy

单选题 One of the difficulties in carrying out worldwide birth control is that ______.
A. official attitudes to population and birth control vary from country to country
B. different countries have different customs and practices on birth control
C. decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment in some countries
D. in some countries people think that they enjoy the right to have as many children as they like

单选题 The government of the developed countries may prefer to ______.
A. a stable population
B. a slowly-increasing population
C. a fast-increasing population
D. a declining population