【正确答案】正确答案:Industrial civilization is marked by a rapid economic growth, and a constant increase of social wealth in a fast pace, and it greatly satisfies human beings' material needs. Due to the fast development of industrial civilization, China has become a manufacturing giant. However, the subsequent over-exploitation of resources, especially the one under low-tech conditions, leads to a phenomenon featuring by excessive mining, high energy consumption, high emissions and low productivity. China is a country which is relatively poor in natural resources, and Chinese people's per capita share of resources is far below the world's average, be it mineral resources, fresh water or forest reserves. The bottleneck effect of resources restrains the sustainable development of China's economy and society, so the promotion of ecological civilization is imperative under this circumstance.
【答案解析】解析:1.在翻译画线部分第一句时应注意避免词语的重复。“经济快速发展”中的“快速”可译为rapid,“社会财富不断快速增长”中的“快速”则应换一种说法,可使用介词短语in a fast pace,体现出词汇表达的丰富性。 2.画线部分第二句较长,逻辑关系却十分清晰,翻译时不需要调整语序,但应注意对某些词语的理解,例如应区分“制造业大国”和“制造业强国”。需要指出的是,“高开采”不仅指开采量大,还隐含了“过度开采”的意思。 3.画线部分第三句中出现了“无论……还是……”句式,翻译时可选用以be引出的特殊句型,简洁明了。在翻译后半句的“远低于”时,宜使用far below这种表达方式,其中far很好地表达出了原文中的“远”的含义。 4.翻译画线部分第四句时应注意增词。例如“资源的瓶颈”指的是“资源的瓶颈效应”,翻译时应补充effect一词;又如翻译“倡导生态文明势在必行”时可增译“在这种情况下”,以体现出本句与前半句之间的逻辑联系。