单选题 Emerging research looks at the relationship between money and well-being and finds conflicting evidence on the link between money and happiness.
Research published in the journal Psychological Science has shown that experiential purchases—money spent on doing—may provide more enduring happiness than material purchases (money spent on having). Investigators found that waiting for an experience was linked to significantly more happiness, pleasantness, and excitement than waiting for a material good. "The anticipatory period [for experiential purchases] tends to be more pleasant...less tinged with impatience relative to future material purchases we"re planning on making," said lead researcher Amit Kumar. Given the results, the researchers suggest that it may make sense to delay consumption of some purchases, and shift spending away from material goods to more experiences. In short—start planning for vacations, dinner parties, and concerts ahead of time to reap more benefits from anticipation.
Another research effort found that sometimes, less is more. As published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , researchers found that both material and experiential wealth tends to reduce people"s ability to savor (尽情享受) simple joys and experiences. That is, wealth and abundance may undermine appreciation and reduce the positive emotions associated with everyday experiences. Researchers found that in contrast to abundance, experiencing adversity in the past or scarcity in the present increases individual"s ability to savor everyday moments. "Simply reminding individuals that the future can be unpredictable drives people to stop and smell the roses," says lead researcher Jordi Quoidbach.
Finally, many people believe that becoming rich is the path to happiness, but pursuing wealth may be an ineffective means of pursuing well-being. According to a study from researchers at Harvard Business School, the University of Mannheim, and Yale University, wealthy individuals report that having three to four times as much money would give them a perfect "10" score on happiness—regardless of how much wealth they already have. "Wealthy individuals—whether worth $1 million or $10 million—are not happier as their wealth increases," says lead researcher Michael Norton. The research shows that current happiness is not related to wealth and may even be negatively related to income. The study is expected to be published in the coming year.

单选题 According to the research published in Psychological Science, which of the following may produce most happiness?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节推理题。根据题干中的杂志名 Psychological Sciertce 定位到文中第二段，其中第一句提及经验型消费——把钱花在做事情上——会比物质型消费(钱花在占有物质上)更能使人获得持久的快乐。注意关键词more enduring happiness。接下来第二句又说，期待某件事情的发生相比期待获得某物明显更能使人快乐、愉悦甚至兴奋。注意关键词significantly more happiness。根据这两句的意思，结合最后一句中给出的建议：开始提前为假期、聚餐、音乐会做计划吧，即可推理出答案应选C。

单选题 What does the first research in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin show?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节判断题。根据题干中的特殊书名及“第一个研究”迅速定位到文中第三段。继续看选项，B选项表意不准确，它所对应的是第三句，该句表述的是曾经遭遇逆境或者现在不甚富裕有助于人们珍惜生活中的每分每秒。C对应第二句——财富及富足的物质可能会使人对周遭习以为常，不易对每天发生的事情产生积极的回应。而C选项将这种可能性错误描述为客观事实。D选项是对第二句的错误改写。而A对应第四句——想到未来充满了各种不定性，人们方会停下脚步，细嗅玫瑰。也即是说未来的未知数帮助人们珍惜当下，所以选A。

单选题 What does the word "adversity" (Line 5, Para. 3) mean?

单选题 What does the last study imply?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 细节判断题。根据题干定义到文章的第四段。A选项对应第一句：尽管很多人相信有钱即是幸福，但追求财富其实并不是追求幸福的有效路径。而A表述错误。下文说到一份研究报告显示，富人认为如果再有3至4倍的现有财富就可以获得“10”分的幸福——无论他们现在有多少钱。Michael Norton说道：“有钱人——无论身价1百万或是1亿——并不会因为财富增长而更加快乐。”所以C选项表述错误。第四句说：这项调查向我们表明，当前的幸福并不与财富正相关，而且甚至与收入呈负相关。所以排除C，选择D选项。