单选题 Today cognitive theorists empirically study the impact of feelings on cognitive processes such as memory and judgment and also the reciprocal influence of cognition on emotion. However, evolutionary theorists view emotion as a powerful source of motivation—an internal communication that something must be done. For example, when people are threatened, they fed fear, which in turn leads them to deal with the threatening situation through either fight or flight. Emotions and drives may also operate in tandem to motivate action, as when excitement accompanies sexual arousal. From an evolutionary perspective, different emotions serve different functions. Fear facilitates flight in the face of danger; disgust prevents ingestion me potentially toxic substances such as rotting meat.
An emotion that is less well understood is jealousy. Why do people become jealous in intimate sexual relationships? One series of studies tested evolutionary hypotheses about differences in the concerns men and women have about their partners' fidelity. Since females can have only a limited number of children during their lifetimes, to maximize their reproductive success they should be motivated to form relationships with males who have resources and will contribute them to their offspring. Indeed, cross-cultural evidence demonstrates that one of the main mate selection criteria used by females around the world is male resources. From a female's point of view, then, infidelity accompanied by, emotional commitment to the other woman is a major threat to resources. A man unlikely to divert resources from his mate and her offspring to a casualling, but the risk increases dramatically if he becomes emotionally involved and perhaps considers switching long-term partners. Hence, a woman's jealousy would be expected to focus on her mate's emotional commitment to another female.
For males, the situation is different. If a male commits himself to an exclusive relationship with a female, he must be certain that the offspring in whom he is investing are his own. Since he cannot be sure of paternity, the best he can do is to prevent his mate from copulating with any other males. In males, then, jealousy would be expected to focus less on the female's emotional commitment or resources and more on her tendency to give other males sexual access. Indeed, in species 'ranging from insects to humans, males take extreme measures to prevent other males from inseminating their mates. In humans, male sexual jealousy is the leading cause of homicides and of spouse battering cross - culturally.

单选题 This passage discusses the______approach to human emotions.

单选题 Evolutionary theorists view emotion as all of the following except______.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[注释] 文章第一段介绍，进化论派的学者认为， “感情”可以激发欲望，并进一步促使人们做出某些行动，同时具有某些实际的功能。例如，遇到危险，恐惧会促使人逃跑。看到腐烂的肉会让人厌恶，从而防止食物中毒。 (From an evolutionary perspective，different emotions serve different functions．Fear facilitates flight in the face of danger；disgust prevents ingestion of potentially toxic substances such as ting meat．)

单选题 The idea presented in 2nd paragraph can be best described as______.

单选题 According to the evolutionary perspective, women's jealousy ultimately stems from______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[注释] 答案在第二段中。女人的嫉妒主要源于对丈夫资源的独占心理。进化论派的学者认为，女人一生只能生育有限的子女，因此为了让子女能最大限度地获取资源，便要求丈夫绝对忠诚，不能对妻子以外的女人有感情投入。(One series of studies tested evolutionary hypotheses about differences in the concerns men and women have about their partners’ fidelity．Since females can have only a limited number of children during their lifetimes，to maximize their reproductive success they should be motivated to form relationships with males who have resources and will contribute them to their offspring．)

单选题 According to this passage, a man’ jealousy is mainly focused on______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[注释] 根据丈章最后一段的内容，从进化论的角度来看，男人嫉妒的根源是自己到底是不是子女的生父，因为为别人抚养子女得不偿失。(For males， the situation is different．If a male Commits himself to an exclusive relationship With a female，he must be certain that the offspring in whom he is investing are his own．)因此，根据文章的内容，男人嫉妒的产生，主要是因为为了确保自己是孩子的生父。