单选题
The City Planning

In the past, cities usually grew in a disorderly way because few cities were built according to a plan. In the late 1800s, the idea of a "beautiful city" came into 1 . People felt that a city should have wide street, parks, and a civic centre. People 2 to realize that cities need to be planned.
In the first part of the 1900s, cities began to 3 zoning laws. Zoning laws say what kind of building can be put up in different parts of a city. A factory cannot be put up on land 4 for apartments. Apartments, 5 , cannot be built on land for houses.
Meanwhile, cities were growing rapidly and changing almost 6 . They faced many problems. Sometimes the streets in a city caused traffic 7 . Sometimes there were not enough schools or hospitals for all the people who needed them. As people moved 8 to new areas of the city, older parts of town often became run-down.
At first, citizens 9 groups that tried to solve the problems a city faced. Today, most large cities have city planning board 10 part of their city government. On the board are city 11 who have special training. Many of them have college 12 in city planning. They must know how a city"s land can be 13 used. They 14 new areas of the city and decide how to improve older 15 . City planing boards help the city meet the needs of all the people who live there.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] come into being为固定搭配,意思是“形成、产生”,例如:When did the Great Britain come into being?英国是何时形成的?原文是“美丽城市”的理念应运而生,因此选C。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 根据上下文判断,随着美丽城市理念的诞生,人们开始意识到城市需要被规划。come有“开始”的意思。所以此处选C最合适,其他各项均不符合题意。fail失败;incline和tend都有“倾向于”的意思。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 根据词语的搭配可以知道,原文应该指的是“城市开始通过城市区划法”,三个选项中只有A选项最合适,pass有“通过”的意思,和law“法律”搭配使用正确。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 空缺处需要填的是过去分词引导的定语从句,省略了which be。这里指的是被划分出来建公寓的地区不能盖工厂,zone更合适,意思是“将……划为特殊区域”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] however表示一种转折的关系。本句意思为“工厂不能建在用于盖公寓的土地上。然而,公寓也不能盖在建造大宅的土地上”。所以D选项符合。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 根据前半部分,即城市在快速地发展,可以判断出城市的变化也是很迅速的,D选项正确,意为“突然、很快”,与前面的rapidly呼应。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] traffic jam意思是“交通堵塞”,与B选项相比较,A选项更符合常理,即城市里的街道会造成交通堵塞。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 本句提到了老地区变得破败不堪,人们应该是搬出旧城区,搬进新的城市地区,所以选择C选项,后面接的介词to指“搬到……”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 只有form最适合和后面的group搭配使用。form意为“组成”,例如:The two parties formed a coalition. 两个政党组成了联合政府。本句意思是“市民们组成了试图解决城市面临的问题的团体”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 三个选项中只有as适合,意思是“作为”。句子意思是“大多数的大城市都有了作为城市政府一部分的城市规划委员会”。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 逻辑题。on the board意思是“委员会里”。前面提到大多数城市都有了city planning board即“城市规划委员会”,那么委员会里必然有城市规划师,所以A选项正确。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] degree意思是“学历”,后面常接介词in指在某专业方面的学历,原句中还有信号词college,所以选项degree最合适。level水平,qualification资质,height高度。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] best这里是副词,意思是“最好地、最高标准地”,比较carefully(小心地),suitably(合适地)以及cleverly(聪明地),B选项更为合适。原句意思是“这些城市规划师必须知道如何才能以最好的方式使用城市里的土地”。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] lay out为固定搭配,意思是“规划、设计”,例如:When the local governments lay out the car parks, they must estimate the numbers of cars in these districts. 当地方政府规划停车场时,他们必须先估计市区里的汽车数量。原文是“他们规划城市的新地区”。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 这里的意思是“他们……决定如何来提升一个老城区”。section除了有“部分”的意思外还指“(城市等的)地区、(街区等的)地段”。square意为“广场”、division意为“部分”、centers意为“中心”。