Analyze the following poem as to its theme, poetic form, and rhetorical devices, and develop it into an essay of 200 words (for literature candidates only).
Because I could not stop for Death
Emily Dickinson
Because I could not stop for Death,
He kindly stopped for me;
The carriage held but just ourselves
And Immortality.
We slowly drove, he knew no haste,
And I had put away
My labor, and my leisure too,
For his civility.
We passed the school, where children strove
At recess, in the ring:
We passed the fields of gazing grain,
We passed the setting sun.
Or rather, he passed us;
The dews grew quivering and chill,
For only gossamer my gown,
My tippet only tulle.
We paused before a house that seemed
A swelling of the ground:
The roof was scarcely visible,
The cornice but a mound.
Since then 'tis centunes, and yet each
Feels shorter than the day
I first surmised the horses' heads
Were toward eternity.
It is composed of six quatrains with the meter alternating between iambic tetrameter and iambic trimeter. Stanzas1, 2, 4, and 6 employ end rhyme in their second and fourth lines, but some of these are only close rhyme or eye rhyme. In the third stanza, there is no end rhyme, but “ring” in line2 rhymes with “gazing” and “setting” in lines3 and 4 respectively. Internal rhyme is scattered throughout. Figures of speech include alliteration, anaphora, paradox, and personification. The poem personifies Death as a gentleman caller who takes a leisurely carriage ride with the poet to her grave. She also personifies immortality. The volta happens in the fourth quatrain. Structurally, the syllables shift from its constant 8-6-8-6 scheme to 6-8-8-6. This parallels with the undertones of the sixth quatrain. The personification of death changes from one of pleasantry to one of ambiguity and morbidity: (“Or rather, he passed us/ The dews drew quivering and chill”13-14). The imagery changes from its original nostalgic form of children playing and setting suns to Death's real concern of taking the speaker to afterlife.
On that single day, “I” experienced “my” whole life again, from childhood, to adulthood and then the old age.The setting sun indicates that death is unavoidable for everyone. Before seeing the tomb, “I” am fear of death for “I” can feel “quivering and chill”. Later, when “I” stop in front of the tomb which resembles the “House” and then contemplate “death”, I finally realize that death is eternity and the latter is exactly what “I” aspire for.