【答案解析】Learning and Interest
Primary and secondary school will impart to you only some rudiments of knowledge. Even what you learn during the four years of university will be something quite superficial too. A university has often been misleadingly referred to as "the highest seat of learning", which sounds as if there were no more learning to speak of beyond it. The research institute of a university, however, is the place for preliminary scholarship. But even there you get only the first taste of learning and the emphasis is on research methodology and practice. Art is long, life is short. That is why some of our ancients continued to study even when they were hoary-headed. They were, of course, motivated by an enormous interest in their studies.
During the preliminary stage of learning, from primary school to college, it is better to advocate discipline than interest. A properly arranged school curriculum, like a cookbook on nutritionally well-balanced food, must include all the useful and indispensable courses—courses which are equally important and obligatory. The so-called electives mean only some little option within the scope of a certain item. A well-educated person is like a professionally trained Peking opera singer. While undergoing the training, he must observe a most exact discipline. He must pay equal attention to singing, acting and learn to play different roles. It is not until he has finished the all-round training that he begins to develop his own specialty according to his personal disposition. Laying a solid foundation for learning will be of great lifelong benefit to you. Of all the school subjects during the preliminary stage of learning, languages and mathematics are the most important. Languages serve as a tool for reading and communication. Without a good knowledge of Chinese, you will find it difficult to express yourself. Without a good knowledge of a foreign language, you will find it difficult to absorb new knowledge from abroad. Mathematics makes for logical thinking. Other objects also have their respective use. It is hard to say which is more important. Physical education, for example, is also extremely important from another point of view. In short, while in school, we should temporarily put aside our personal liking and patiently observe school discipline so that we may temper ourselves and become solid stuff. Don"t hurry—there will be a time for you to find relish in learning in the days to come.
[解析] 1．本篇文章第一句话“由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识”，汉语的习惯表达方式是以人为主语，但是这句话主语缺失，所以译文可以按照英文的表达习惯将物作为主语，译作“Primary and secondary school will impart to you only some rudiments of knowledge”；亦可以使用被动语态作“From primary school to middle school, what has been learned is nothing but some basically common knowledge.”。
2．“粗浅”的学识：粗浅一词我们可以使用superficial，意为“浅薄的、肤浅的、表面的”。
3．最高学府：me highest seat of learning或者the highest educational institute。
4．“粗涉”意为“粗略地涉猎”，也就是才初尝个中滋味，可译为“get only the first taste of”；亦可以译作“knowledge is primarily studied”。
5．与其倡言趣味，不如偏听偏重纪律：“与其……不如……”可以用简单的句式better...than...，“it is better to advocate discipline than interest”。
6．“科班出身”意为受过专业教育培训的：professionally trained。
7．文中“趣味” 一词指的是一个人的心性脾气意向倾向，所以比较好的选择应该是“disposition”。
8．以后永远受用：此处我们可以将动词“受用”变一下词性，作为名词来处理，为“will be of great lifelong benefit to you”。
9．数学是思想条理之最好的训练，参考译文为“Mathematics makes for logical thinking”，“make for”意为“有利于，有助于”。
10．“慢慢享受”译作find relish in，此处亦是将动词名词化，“relish”是个色彩较为强烈的词，意为：独特的滋味，使人感到愉快或有风味的东西。