{{B}}Set 5{{/B}}

{{B}}The Science of Anthropology{{/B}}

Through various methods of research, anthropologists try to fit together the pieces of the human puzzle--to discover how humanity was first achieved, what made it branch out in different directions, and why separate societies behave similarly in some ways, but quite differently in other ways,

Anthropology, which emerged as an independent science in the late eighteenth century, has two main divisions: Physical Anthropology and Cultural Anthropology.

Physical Anthropology focuses on human evolution and variation and uses methods of physiology, genetics, and ecology. Cultural anthropology focuses on culture and includes Archaeology, social anthropology, and linguistics.

单选题 The phrase branch, out in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to

A、 separate.
B、 hurry.
C、 look.
D、 originate.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】

单选题 Which sentence below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragrapgh 2? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

A、 Physical anthropologists investigate how intelligent human beings elevolved from cratures that lived in trees.
B、 There are unanswered questions about why some tree-dwelling animals have evolved only two legs.
C、 People want to know more about the behaviour of animals and how some animals acquire the ability to learn.
D、 Some animal populations have the power to ask questions and to learn from the events of the past.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】

单选题 The word speculate in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to

A、 worry.
B、 forget.
C、 disagree.
D、 think.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】

单选题 Why does the author discuss the Leakey family in paragraph 3?

A、 To argue for an increase in the amount of research in Africa.
B、 To contradict earlier theories of human evolution.
C、 To give examples of fieldwork done by physical anthropologists.
D、 To compare hominid evidence from Tansania with that from Kenya.

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】

单选题 Which of the following is of major interest to both physical and cultural anthropologists?

A、 Methods of physiology and genetics.
B、 Religious beliefes and practices.
C、 Child rearing in societies around the world.
D、 Clues about human beings who lived long ago.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】

单选题 The word They in paragraph 4 refers to

A、 research universities.
B、 ethnologists.
C、 field anthropologists.
D、 museums.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】

单选题 The phrase sift through in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to

A、 avoid.
B、 sort.
C、 discuss.
D、 contradict.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】

单选题 According to paragraph 4, cultural anthropologists who do fieldwork usually

A、 discover hominid evidence indicating when humans evolved.
B、 write an account of the daily life of the people they study.
C、 work at universities and museums interpreting the work of others.
D、 develop new technologies for gathering cultural data.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】

单选题 According to the passage, Margaret Mead wrote about all of the following subjects EXCEPT

A、 the nature of cultural change.
B、 relations between people of different races.
C、 the biological basis of gender.
D、 economic systems of pioneer women.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】

单选题 It can be inferred from paragraph 5 that Margaret Mead's work

A、 made an impact on the field of anthropology.
B、 contradicted that of the Leakey family.
C、 opened Samoa to outside influence.
D、 is not widely read by anthropologists today.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】

单选题 Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.{{B}}Anthropology is the study of the origin, development, and varieties of human beings and their societies.{{/B}}Where would the sentence best fit?

A、 Square Ａ.
B、 Square Ｂ.
C、 Square Ｃ.
D、 Square Ｄ.

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】