【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】[听力原文] 32-35
(32) Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured (施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.
Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); (33) hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently—this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done—is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. (34) And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.
That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets—while, that is to say, (35) we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life—nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.
32. Which kind of people appears most often in the history books?

[一点即通] 文中开头第一句就指出历史书中出现最多的是那些征服者、将军和士兵，然而那些真正将文明推向前的人却根本没有被提到。故D)项正确。
[未听先知] 根据选项中的soldiers，savages；civilization等信息，可以推断出本短文可能与文明以及野蛮有关。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[听力原文]
What does it probably mean if people "are good at fighting"?

[一点即通] 文中提到一个善于打架的人并不是文明人，动物和野蛮人也擅长于此，亦不能称作智慧的或正确的，充其量只是一个好士兵。故A)项正确。

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】[听力原文]
What is the reason for so many wars according to the passage?

[一点即通] 文中指出战争的双方都想获胜，因为获胜的一方就意味着正确。这是战争发生的原因。故C)项正确。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[听力原文]
What kind of civilization do we have in our modern society?

[一点即通] 文章最后一段阐述了我们现今社会的情况，即日常生活中我们已经学会了遵循规则和举止恰当，但是民族和国家之间仍然没有学会这些，还表现得像野蛮人。故B)项正确。