单选题
Achieving Contentment

    A. Socrates said contentment is natural wealth, luxury is artificial poverty. Being a minimalist isn't easy. Living this counter-cultural lifestyle requires quite a determined personality. You have to smile and ignore friends and family who keep saying 'but you could be earning so much more if you took that corporate job.' Or 'why are you driving a 5-year-old car when you can afford a brand new one.' 'Why are you camping in a game reserve, and not staying in a 5-star hotel and casino.'
    B. It isn't easy to keep the constant pressure to shop and own at bay, but what makes it easy is contentment. When you look happy and your life is one that others envy for its solid relationships, rewarding creative work and annoying glow of health, people's helpful advice on lifestyle tends to sound thin.
    C. It's worth learning to be content! Not only does contentment provide the opportunity for minimalism, it also reduces your stress level, improves your outlook, relaxes your body, and makes your life enjoyable. There is an unmistakable freedom that follows contentment: a freedom to be who you are, enjoy who you are, and live the life you were destined to live.
    D. In our consumeristic-culture discontent is promoted and encouraged. If you aren't discontent with your car, why would you buy another one at twice the price? 'They' need to foster discontent with your body, your life, your husband or your job to soften you up for the hard sell.
    E. If only you bought this product, smoked this drug, drank this poison, used this service you would be happy. Selling starts by first breeding discontent. That is why celebrity shows are all over TV—they are an important foundation for the adverts between shows—no matter how beautiful you are, no matter how rich, there is always that celebrity to show you that you are being positively frugal (节俭的) by only buying a Mercedes and not a Porche.
    F. On the one hand, your life is enhanced by your dreams and aspirations. On the other hand, these drives can pull you farther and farther from your enjoyment of your life right now. By learning the lessons of gratitude and abundance, you can bring yourself closer to fulfilling the challenge of living in the present. There is no one-size-fits-all, but here are five keys that have helped us further develop contentment in our lives.
    1. Be grateful
    G. Gratitude and contentment are inseparable. Focus on the good things in your life—the things you have—not the things you lack. Are you questioning what you have to be grateful for? Nothing come to mind? After all you are poorer than X, and uglier than Y, not as important as the boss, and suffer more responsibility than your staff. There you go comparing up again. When 90% of the world probably has less than you do, most people still focus on the few 0.2% of lucky souls who are models, superstars, CEOs and plain lucky.
    H. Come on now, get some perspective. Start making a list of all the good things in your life—even if it's just sunny weather, a nice nose or a great cup of coffee. Don't worry about finishing—the simple discipline of appreciating what you do have will set off a new habit. Try to add one or two items to the list every day.
    2. You can't keep shopping your way to happiness
    I. Advertising has ingrained (使根深蒂固) the belief that the proper way to diffuse discontent is to buy whatever we don't yet have. Almost no energy is spent determining the true root of the discontent. We quickly focus on the nearest product (preferably chocolate based), and avoid thinking about what really makes us feel out of control, frustrated or angry.
    J. You have to break that habit. Understand that material possessions will never fully satisfy the desires of your heart (that's why discontent always returns). The next time you recognize discontentment surfacing in your life, refuse to give into that bad habit. Instead, commit to better understand yourself. Are you buying a new cell phone, or do you really want to buy 'coolness and popularity, and the envy of friends?'
    K. A little trick—if you compulsively shop when your world is out of control, buy something really tiny such as the smallest chocolate bar in the shop, a pair of plastic earrings, a cup of coffee. The action of purchasing makes people happy because for a few seconds at least, you have the sole attention of the shop assistant (aren't you an important person!) and you demonstrate through the display of cash or credit cards that you are in control of your life. For most people a 50p pack of gum gives the same pleasure as a $500 pair of shoes. Better in fact, you don't have that dull dread of the let-down when you get them home and can't work out where you will fit them in your cupboard.
    3. Take charge of your attitude
    L. A person who lacks contentment in their life will often engage in 'when and then thinking'—'when I get..., then I will be happy.' Remember, your happiness is not reliant on the acquisition of any possession. The temporary joy of happiness is not contentment—happiness is often externally driven by things that happen to you. That is what you remember and you keep looking for that high in external events and things. Contentment is how you respond to life and situations. Contentment is a decision.
    4. Stop comparing yourself to others
    M. This is a hard one—it's such a daily, hourly habit. I'm smarter than him, and dumber than her. I'm fatter than them, and so much better than him. Comparing your life with someone else's will always lead to discontentment. There will always be people who 'appear' to be better off than you and seemingly living the perfect life. But be advised, we always compare the worst of what we know about ourselves to the best assumptions that we make about others. You are unique. And it's always better that way. Live up to your own expectations of what you can be, and stop living up to the media and friends' expectations.
    5. Get off your butt and help
    N. When you begin helping others, sharing your talents, time and money, you will find yourself learning to be content. You will feel better about yourself. If you don't like people much, volunteer to walk dogs. If you're allergic to cats, help an elderly person with her garden or go shopping with her and carry groceries. Pick up litter, plant a flowing shrub in a wasteland, get someone a cup of coffee without being asked. And while you're at it, stop shirking. Ladies, mow the lawn or change a plug now and then. Men, pick up that laundry before you're asked.
    O. Be content with what you have, never with what you are. Never stop learning, growing, or discovering. Take pride in your personhood and the progress that you have made, but never become so content that you cannot find room for improvement. Contentment is not the same as complacency (自满).
问答题     We should stop comparing ourselves to others and live up to our own expectations.
 
【正确答案】M
【答案解析】由comparing ourselves to others, live up to和own expectations定位到M段上面的小标题和M段末句。 同义转述题。由M段上面的小标题可知,我们应该停止与别人比较。由M段末句可知,我们应该按照自己的期望去生活,不要活在媒体和朋友的期望中。题干是对定位句的同义转述,因此答案为M。
问答题     Being too content with our personhood and progress might hinder our improvement.
 
【正确答案】O
【答案解析】由personhood and progress和improvement定位到O段第三句。 细节推断题。由定位句可知,你应该为你的人格和你取得的进步感到自豪,但是千万不要太满足,以至于找不到自己可以提升的空间。题干是对定位句的概括推断,因此答案为O。
问答题     When we start to help others, we'll find ourselves learning to be content.
 
【正确答案】N
【答案解析】由start to help others和learning to be content定位到N段首句。 细节推断题。由定位句可知,当你开始帮助他人,与他人分享你的才能、时间和金钱时,你会发现自己在这个过程中学会了满足。题干与定位句意思一致,因此答案为N。
问答题     Advertisements encourage people to get rid of discontent by buying whatever they don't have.
 
【正确答案】I
【答案解析】由Advertisements, discontent和don't have定位到I段首句。 同义转述题。由定位句可知,广告已经使一种观念根深蒂固,即平息不满足感的恰当方法是去买任何我们还未拥有的东西。题干是对定位句的同义转述,因此I为正确答案。
问答题     Our dreams and aspirations are likely to prevent us from living in the present.
 
【正确答案】F
【答案解析】由dreams and aspirations和living in the present定位到F段第一、二句。 同义转述题。由定位句可知,一方面,梦想和抱负会提升你的生活,但另一方面,这些欲望会使你越来越不能享受当下的生活。题干是对F段第二句的同义转述,因此F为正确答案。
问答题     We should be aware of the fact that happiness does not rely on the acquisition of any possession.
 
【正确答案】L
【答案解析】由happiness, rely on和the acquisition of any possession定位到L段第二句。 同义转述题。定位句提到,记住,幸福并不依赖于获得某物。题干是对定位句的同义转述,因此L为正确答案。
问答题     A little trick to break the habit of compulsive shopping is to buy some small things instead.
 
【正确答案】K
【答案解析】由A little trick和compulsive shopping定位到K段首句。 细节归纳题。由定位句可知,当你的生活失去控制,你禁不住要购物时,有一个小窍门是可以买一些极小的东西,如商店里最小的巧克力棒、一对塑料耳环、一杯咖啡。题干是对定位句的概括归纳,所以K为正确答案。
问答题     It is useful to learn to be content because contentment makes our life enjoyable.
 
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】由useful, learn to be content和makes our life enjoyable定位到C段第一、二句。 细节推断题。由定位句可知,学习如何获得满足感很值得,学会满足,不仅使我们有机会体验极简主义的生活,还可以减压,提升人生观,放松身体,使我们生活愉快。题干是对定位句的概括推断,因此C为正确答案。
问答题     Most people neglect what they have in their life, and focus their attention on what they do not have.
 
【正确答案】G
【答案解析】由Most people, what they have和focus their attention on定位到G段末句。 细节推断题。由定位句可知,当世界上90%的人可能都不如你的时候,绝大多数人仍会把目光放在0.2%的幸运儿身上,这些幸运儿通常是模特、巨星、总裁或纯粹就是运气好。题干是对定位句的概括推断,因此G为正确答案。
问答题     Discontent is welcome in the consumeristic-culture and it encourages you to buy more.
 
【正确答案】D
【答案解析】由Discontent,consumeristic-culture和buy more定位到D段第一、二句。 细节推断题。由定位句可知,我们这个消费文化盛行的时代宣扬并鼓励不满足,如果你不是对自己的汽车感到不满足,你又怎会花两倍的价钱购买另一辆车呢?题干是对定位句的概括推断,因此D为正确答案。