The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go. For life is a paradox: it enjoins us to cling to its many gifts even while it ordains their eventual relinquishment. The rabbis of old put it this way: 'A man comes to this world with his fist clenched, but when he dies, his hand is open.' Surely we ought to hold fast to our life. For it is wondrous, and full of a beauty that breaks through every pore of God's own earth. We know that this is so, but all too often we recognize this truth only in our backward glance when we remember what it was and then suddenly realize that it is no more. We remember a beauty that faded, a love that waned. But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see that beauty when it flowered, that we failed to respond with love when it was tendered.
    Hold last to life—but not so fast that you cannot let go. This is the second side of life's coin, the opposite pole of its paradox: we must accept our losses, and learn how to let go. This is not an easy lesson to learn, especially when we are young and think that the world is ours to command, that whatever we desire with the full force of our passionate being can, nay, will be ours. But then life moves along to confront us with realities, and slowly but surely this truth dawns upon us. At every stage of life we sustain losses—and grow in the process. We begin our independent lives only when we emerge from the womb and lose its protective shelter. We enter a progression of schools, then we leave our mothers and fathers and our childhood homes. We get married and have children and then have to let them go. We confront the death of our parents and spouses. We face the gradual or not so gradual waning of our own strength. And ultimately, as the parable of the open and closed hand suggests, we must confront the inevitability of our own demise, losing ourselves, as it were, all that we were or dreamed to be.
    [Note]原文作者是美国犹太人联合会主席John Boynton Priestley,有删节。
    [Key words] rabbis:(rabbi的复数)犹太教经师,音译“拉比”
    parable:譬喻,寓言
 
【正确答案】生活的艺术在于懂得何时要抓住,何时该放手。因为人生就是矛盾一场:它要你抓住生命的种种恩赐不放手,却又要让你最终一一放弃。古时的犹太教拉比则说:“人,降世时拳头攥紧,离世时两手松开。”我们无疑应该抓住人生,因为人生令人惊奇,它充满一种美,这美展露于上帝创造的每一寸土地上。我们明白确实如此,却往往在回首时才幡然醒悟,过去的一切我们依然记得,但突然明白那一切已不复存在。我们会记起的,是一种凋谢的美,一份逝去的爱。当美绽放时我们并没有去留意这份关,当爱意浓浓时我们未能报之以爱。回想这些,我们会更加心痛。 牢牢抓住人生,但不要抓得太紧,免得到时候不能放手。放手是人生硬币的另一面,是人生矛盾的另一极:我们必须接受失去并学会放手。这个道理不易体悟,尤其当你风华正茂时,你以为这个世界由你掌握,你以为凭着青春的活力和激情,渴望什么就能够、就会得到什么。然而,人生的步伐把你带到现实之中,人生的真相缓慢地、却必然要摆在你的面前。在人生的每个阶段我们都要承受失去,而我们就是在此过程中得以成长。我们在脱离母体、失去其保护后才开始独立的生活。我们从一所学校毕业,又进入另一所学校,然后离开父母,离开儿时的家;我们结婚、生子,之后又不得不放飞子女。我们要面对父母的逝去和配偶的离去,面对体力或缓慢或迅速丧失的现实。正如攥手和松手的譬喻所示,我们最终要面对不可避免的死亡,放弃自我,或者说放弃曾经拥有的或梦想拥有的一切。
【答案解析】