问答题 What a noble medium the English language is. It is not possible to write a page without experiencing positive pleasure at the richness and variety, the flexibility and the profoundness of our mother-tongue. If an English writer cannot say what he has to say in English, and in simple English, it is probably not worth saying. What a pity that English is not more generally studied. I am not going to attack classical education. No one who has the slightest pretension to literary tastes can be insensible to its attraction. But I confess our present educational system excites in my mind grave misgivings, which I cannot believe is the best or even reasonable, a system that thrusts upon reluctant and uncomprehending multitudes treasures which can only be appreciated by the privileged and gifted few. To the vast majority of children who attend our public schools; classical education is from beginning to end long, useless and meaningless. If I am told that classical subjects are the best preparation for the study of English, I reply that by far this preparatory stage is incomplete and without deriving any of the benefits which are promised as its result.

【正确答案】

【答案解析】英语是一种多么崇高的工具，我们每写下一页，都不可能不对我们丰富多彩、灵便精深的语言喜不自禁。 [解析] 英译汉中对一些由词性转化、派生而来的抽象名词，可采用词类转化法，部分抽象名词由形容词转化而来，可直接转译成形容词，以符合汉语的表达习惯。再如：
She realized the absurdity of dealing with them, through intermediaries.她意识到，通过中间人与他们打交道太蠢了。
The spokesman admitted the feasibility of the Chinese proposal.这位发言人承认，中国的建议是可行的。

问答题 If an English writer cannot say what he has to say in English, and in simple English, it is probably not worth saying.

【正确答案】

【答案解析】如果一个英国作家不能用英语，而且是简明的英语说出自己必须说的话，那么这些话也许就不值得说。 [解析] English writer是指“英国作家”还是“英语作家”?根据背景信息，这篇文章选自温斯顿·丘吉尔的The Joy of Writing，可判断为“英国作家”。

问答题 What a pity that English is not more generally studied. I am not going to attack classical education. No one who has the slightest pretension to literary tastes can be insensible to its attraction.

【正确答案】

【答案解析】英语没有得到更广泛的研究是何等憾事，我不是在攻击古典教育。凡自命对文学有一丁点鉴赏力的人都不可能对英语的吸引力无动于衷。
或：任何人只要自称对文学有些许鉴赏力，就不可能对英语的魅力无动于衷。 [解析] 形容词性代词its是指“英语”还是指“古典教育”?从语篇判断，its应指代英语语言。掌握英汉语言代词使用的不同特点，对提高翻译质量有很大帮助。再如：
After all, all living creatures live by feeding on something else, whether it be plant or animal, dead or alive.所有活着的动物毕竟都是靠吃别的东西生存的，而不管这些东西是植物还是动物，是死的还是活的。(将it视作指代something else)
It does not help to receive European vigor to say, as Henry Kissinger did a decade ago, that it has only "regional, not global" concerns.如基辛格十年前所言，欧洲只关心“地区的而不是全球的”问题，讲这样的话无助于欧洲恢复活力。(第一个it指代that后面的部分，第二个it指代Europe)

问答题 But I confess our present educational system excites in my mind grave misgivings, which I cannot believe is the best or even reasonable, a system that thrusts upon reluctant and uncomprehending multitudes treasures which can only be appreciated by the privileged and gifted few.

【正确答案】

【答案解析】但我承认，我国目前的教育制度让人忧心忡忡。我认为这不是最好的制度，甚至不合理。因为这个制度所提供的文学珍品并不为普通大众喜闻乐见、能够欣赏，它只能为少数特权人物和天才人物津津乐道。 [解析] 表示情感型使役意义的动词，如excite，surprise，disappoint，excite，disturb， inspire，puzzle，annoy，trouble，irritate，daze，baffle，flush，annoy等，常可转译成汉语的“使+动补”结构。excite的翻译即采用这种方法。
上句还涉及英语否定结构的翻译。较为常见的是从谓语否定转移到宾语从句否定或转移到宾语补语否定，这种转移否定主要见于谓语动词表示“相信”、“认为”等意义的词，如believe，think，consider，fancy，expect，imagine，reckon等。翻译时应把这类动词译为肯定，而把其后从句谓语或作宾补的不定式译为否定，如：
We don"t consider that super-radical procedures are justified in the treatment of cancers of the colon.我们认为在处理结肠癌时，超根治的手术是没有理由的。
上文中最后一个分句包括两个定语从句，在译第一个定语从句时，把原句的主语和关系分句融合在一起译成独立句。有时也可将英语主句压缩成汉语词组作主语，而把关系分句译成谓语。第二个定语从句译成并列分句，重复被修饰语含义。这种译法除了重复先行词的意义外，还可加上指示代词“这”、“该”、“其”，或把关系代词译作人称代词“它”、“它们”等。

问答题 To the vast majority of children who attend our public schools; classical education is from beginning to end long, useless and meaningless. If I am told that classical subjects are the best preparation for the study of English, I reply that by far this preparatory stage is incomplete and without deriving any of the benefits which are promised as its result.

【正确答案】

【答案解析】对公立学校的广大学童来说，古典教育从头至尾都是一些啰嗦冗长、毫无意义、毫无用处的废话。假如有人告诉我，古典课程是英语学习最好的准备工作，那我要说的是，迄今为止这个准备阶段尚不完善，未能收到所期望的任何效果。 [解析] 英语后缀有虚化的功能，大多表示抽象的性质、状态、程度、特征、行动过程、技能等。由形容词、动词加后缀构成的抽象名词加上适当名词使其具体化，且译文符合汉语习惯。上句中的抽象名词preparation被译作“准备工作”。再如：
oneness 单一性 profanity 亵渎行为
readability 可读性 remedy 补救方法
togetherness 集体性 infiltration 渗透作用
madness 疯狂行为 violence 暴力手段
tension 紧张局势 unemployment 失业现象
complexity 复杂局面 backwardness 落后状态
After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to San Francisco.一切准备工作就绪后，飞机就穿越美国飞往旧金山。
In the summer of 1969, the Administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China. 1969年夏天，政府公开主张缓和同中国的紧张关系。
Profanity was tacitly given up. 亵渎神灵的粗话全都悄悄地弃置不用了。
There is certainly not much social snobbery or job snobbery.诚然，美国人对社会地位或工作类别并无多少势利的看法。