In order to host the Olympics, a city must submit a proposal to the IOC. After all proposals have been submitted, the IOC votes. If no city is successful in gaining a majority in the first vote, the city with the fewest votes is eliminated, and voting continues with successive rounds until a majority winner is determined. Typically the Games are awarded several years in advance, allowing the winning city time to prepare for the Games. In selecting the site of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, chief among them which city has, or promises to build, the best facilities, and which organizing committee seems most likely to stage the Games effectively. The IOC also considers which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games. For instance, Tokyo, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Mexico City, the host of the 1968 Summer Games, were chosen in part to popularize the Olympic movement in Asia and in Latin America Because of the growing importance of television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into account the host city's time zone. Whenever the Games take place in the United States or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay significantly higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events live in prime viewing hours. Once the Games have been awarded, it is the responsibility of the local organizing committee—not the IOC or the NOC of the host city's country—to finance them. This is often done with a portion of the Olympic television revenues and with corporate sponsorships, ticket sales, and other smaller revenue sources, such as commemorative postage stamps or proceeds from a national lottery. In many cases there is also direct government support Although many cities have achieved a financial profit by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially risky. When the proceeds from the Games were less than expected, the city was left with large debts.
单选题 During voting, the city_____ will win host of Olympics.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:事实细节题。也可归类为词义推断题。根据第1段第3句,只要弄清楚majority的准确意思,即可做出正确选择。本题最具干扰的是选项A,其中的most(最多的)与majority(大多数)意思很相近,majority通常是指超过半数以上的多数,而获得most votes的国家也不一定等于获得超过半数以上的选票,因此选项A是不对的。
单选题 In selecting the host city, the IOC will consider several factors EXCEPT _____.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:事实细节题。本题考查列举处。本题可用排除法找出答案。本文第2段列举了影响奥运会选址的四个因素,选项A、B、C分别对应着其中一个因素,只有选项D不在其中。
单选题 According to the passage, one of the reasons for Tokyo to be the host of Olympics in 1964 may be _____.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:推理判断题。本题考查举例处。第2段中东京获得1964奥运会主办权这个事实是用于支持上一句(第2句)的说法的,第2句指出奥运会选址还会考虑哪个地区从没举办过奥运会,结合第3句,即可推断选项C正确。选项A、B和D可能符合现实,但是文中并无相关依据。
单选题 Every Olympic Games is financed by_____.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:事实细节题。本文第3段指出了举办奥运会的资金来源,通过对比选项与这3句的陈述,即可找出正确选项为B。选项A具有干扰性,其中financial organizations意为“金融组织”,虽与第1句中的organizing committee和finance等词相似,但意思却完全不同。
单选题 The word "proceeds" in the last sentence most probably means "_____".
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:词义推断题。proceeds所在的句子是对上一句的进一步说明,其中,本句最后的large debts对应上一句的financially risky,因此,此句中的proceeds对应上句的financial profit。