阅读理解 Under pressure from animal welfare groups, two national science teachers associations have adopted guidelines that ban classroom experiments harming animals. The National Association of Biology Teachers and the National Science Teachers Association hope to end animal abuse in elementary and secondary schools and, in turn, discourage students from mishandling animals in home experiments and science fair projects.
Animal welfare groups are apparently most concerned with high school students experimenting with animals in extracurricular projects. Barbara Orlans, President of the Scientists' Center for Animal Welfare, said that students have been performing surgery at random, testing known poisonous substances, and running other pathology experiments on animals without even knowing normal physiology.
At one science fair, a student cut off the leg and tail of a lizard to demonstrate that only the tail can regenerate, she said. In another case, a student bound sparrows, starved them and observed their behavior.
'The amount of abuse has been quite horrifying,' Orlans said.
Administrators of major science fairs are short-tempered over the teachers' policy change and the impression it has created. 'The teachers were sold a bill of goods by Barbara Ortans,' said Thurman Grafton, who heads the rules committee for the International Science and Engineering Fair. 'Backyard tabletop surgery is just nonsense. The new policies throw cold water on students' inquisitiveness,' he said.
Grafton said he wouldn't deny that there hasn't been animal abuse among projects at the international fair, but he added that judges reject contestants who have unnecessarily injured animals. The judges have a hard time monitoring local and regional fairs that may or may not choose to comply with the international fair's rules that stress proper care of animals, Grafton said.
He said that several years ago, the Westinghouse Science Talent Search banned harmful experiments to animals when sponsors threatened to cancel their support after animal welfare groups lobbied for change.
The teachers adopted the new policies also to fend off proposed legislation--in states including Missouri and New York--that would restrict or prohibit experiments on animals.
Officials of the two teachers organizations say that they don't know how many animals have been abused in the classroom. On the one hand, many biology teachers are not trained in the proper care of animals, said Wayne Moyer, executive director of the biology teachers' association. On the other, the use of animals in experiments has dropped in recent years because of school budget cuts. The association may set up seminars to teach better animal care to its members. (414 words)

Notes: pathology 病理学。lizard 蜥蜴。tabletop 桌面。short-tempered 脾气急躁的。lobby for 游说支持。fend off 躲开。

单选题 The title which best expresses the content of the text is ______

单选题 According to the text, animal welfare groups have succeeded in ______

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】 推理判断题。本题问：根据本文，动物福利团体已经成功地做成了什么事情?第1段第1句写道：“在动物福利团体的压力下，两个全国性的学科教师协会已经采取指导方针禁止损害动物的课堂实验。”第5段第1句写道：“一些重要科学博览会的管理人员对教师做法的改变以及这种改变造成的印象十分恼火。”上述句子表明，动物福利团体已成功地说服两个学科教师协会采取一项保护动物的做法。故应选D。A，B，C之所以不能入选是因为三个选项中所述的行为并不是动物福利团体本身做的，而是它们对教师协会施加压力让教师协会去做。

单选题 Thurman Grafton suggests that ______

单选题 It can be learned from the text that the teachers ban harmful experiments to animals in order to ______

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】 推理判断题。本题问：从课文中可以了解到，教师禁止对动物进行有害试验的目的何在?第1段第2句写道：“The National Association of Biology Teachers and the National Science Teachers Association hope to end animal abuse in elementary and secondary schools and，in turn，discourage students from mishandling animals in home experiments and science fair projects.”从画线部分可以看到教师要禁止的是“滥杀动物”和“虐待动物”。最后一段最后一句写道：“The association may set up seminars to teach better animal care to its members.”(协会可以举办研讨会培训教师更好地保护动物。)可见，教师禁止的是“harmful experiments to animals”以便“protect necessary harmless experiments on animals”。故应选D。