填空题 Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.(武汉大学2013研,考试科目:基础英语)Most investigation in the field of industrial psychology are concerned with the question of how the productivity of the individual worker can be increased, and how he can be made to work with less friction: psychology has lent its services to "human engineering, " an attempt to treat the worker and employer like a machine which runs better when it is well oiled. While Taylor was primarily concerned with a better organization of the technical use of the worker"s physical powers, most industrial psychologists are mainly concerned with the manipulation of the worker"s psyche. The underlying idea can be formulated like this: If he works better when he is happy, then let us make him happy, secure, satisfied, or anything else, provided it raises his out put and diminishes friction. In the name of " human relations, " the worker is treated with all devices which suit a completely alienated person: even happiness and human values are recommended in the interest of better relations with the public, thus, for instance, according to Time magazine, one of the best-know American psychiatrists said to a group of fifteen hundred Supermarket executives:" It"s going to be an increased satisfaction to our customers if we are happy...It is going to pay off in cold dollars and cents to management, if we could put some of these general principles of values, human relationships, really into practice. " One speaks of "human relations" and one means the most inhuman relations, those between alienated automatons:one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.
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【正确答案】 1、正确答案: 在工业心理学领域的大部分研究都很关心如何提高工人们的生产率,以及如何减少他们工作中的阻力。心理学提供了它的理念“人体工程学”,是为了把雇主和雇员视作一种上油后可以更好工作的机器。虽然泰勒的理论主要涉及了运用工人体力的组织模式,但大部分的工业心理学家则主要关心对工人心理的运用。潜在的观点可以如此描述:如果工人在高兴的情况下能够更好地工作,增大产出并能减少阻力,那么就让他高兴,给他安全感,让他满意,或者给予其他的一些感受。以“人际关系”的名义,工人们所接受的同样适用于一个不相关的人。为了与公众保持更好的关系,快乐和价值观都可被运用。比如,据《时代杂志》报道,美国一位最有名的精神病学家对一千五百个超市高管说:“如果我们感到快乐的话,我们客户的满足感都会提高……如果我们能够把这些关于价值观、人际关系等的概念转化为实际行动,这对管理而言将会是有金钱方面的回报的。”一个谈到了“人际关系”,而一个意味着最不人性的关系;一个谈到了快乐,意味着驱逐最后疑惑和所有自发性的完美程序。    
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