单选题
The modern university is the ideal environment for the creation and transfer of knowledge that drives national competitiveness in an increasingly global era. Its most effective form is the American adaptation of the European model, in which teaching, leaning and research are integrated into a single institution. Indeed, the American university has proved capable of almost anything, from developing advanced economic theories to creating new life forms. Many national leaders understand that the university is the critical catalyst for America's adaptability, economic robustness and emergence as a great power. And they are moving aggressively to catch up. The universities created by emerging economies beginning in the 1990s and through 2020 will likely play a decisive role in reshaping the global balance of economic power. That is bad news for the United States. The past two decades of American university development have been characterized largely by self-satisfaction arising from steady progress by the top 20 or so research universities. And America as a nation has 1Seen coasting. Since 2000, the United States has lost its edge in the graduation of engineers and technologists. The country no longer dominates scientific discovery, innovation or exploration. Most important, the United States has not launched any effort to build new institutions to accommodate its increasingly diverse population of more than 300 million. The result is that America's university system, despite its historical pre-eminence, has ceased to grow. Furthermore, America's university system has failed to adapt to the dramatic demographic shifts occurring as a result of social mobility and immigration. America needs to realize that its universities face real competition from the rest of the world to attract the best and the brightest, to secure resources and to provide environments that educate and inspire. This is not to say that the best American universities are no longer the leaders in discovery and innovation. It is to say that the success of the higher-education system must be measured by more than just innovations. Its long-term performance depends on its ability to provide learning to a broad cross sections of citizens, to advance national proficiency in math and science and to create an adaptable work force, as well as to develop a national appreciation for discovery, entrepreneurship and the creative process. In China and elsewhere, these are the goals of the new universities being built. In the United States, we need to move from a national self-confidence based on past success to one built on the knowledge that we are advancing a system of higher education that will meet our future needs. This will require that policymakers, business leaders and universities rededicate themselves to creating comprehensive learning and discovery environments; design entirely new models and methods for teaching, and then take action to implement them.
单选题
According to the author, US modern universities ______ [A] is a perfect system which can deal with everything. [B] is a system which is developing rapidly. [C] is a trinity of teaching, learning and research. [D] is a place for innovation and creation.
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】本题为细节理解题。文中指出“Its most effective form is the American adaptation of the European model, in which teaching, leaning and research are integrated into a single institution.”。选项A在文中并未涉及，并且同后文中所提出的问题相矛盾。B同后文中指出的发展停滞相悖。D过于片面，仅仅强调了创新的内容，而忽略了将成果进行转化和教育的内容。因此C最符合要求。
单选题
New universities have been established among many other countries in order to ______ [A] bring bad news to the US. [B] make use of the power for development. [C] be measured by innovation. [D] force the US to build up more universities.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】本题为推理判断题。文中指出“Many national leaders understand that the university is the critical catalyst for America's adaptability, economic robustness and emergence as a great power. And they are moving aggressively to catch up.”．由此可见，其他国家大力发展大学的主要动力是为了获取同美国一样的发展能力，因此应当选B。
单选题
What is the problem that US universities have faced since 2000? [A] Loss of the predominant position in artistic innovations. [B] Lack of the reestablishment of famed universities. [C] Failure to attract the best brains throughout the world. [D] Need of a comprehensive learning and studying environment.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】本题为细节理解题。文中提到“the country no longer dominates scientific discovery, innovation or exploration”，因此选项A不恰当误。根据“the United States has not launched any effort to build new institutions to accommodate its increasingly diverse population of more than 300 million.”可以判断B不恰当误。文中提到“America needs to realize that its universities face real competition from the rest of the world to attract the best and the brightest”，但是并没有提到美国在吸引人才方面遭遇失败，因此C不正确。根据“This will require that policymakers, business leaders and universities rededicate themselves to creating comprehensive learning and discovery environments”可以确定D正确。
单选题
Which of the following is the goal of China to build up new universities? [A] Providing wider opportunities of education for oversea students. [B] Elevating the science and technology level of the whole country. [C] Focusing on the position of science and technology innovation leader. [D] Creating a culture of appreciation of science and technology.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】本题为细节理解题。文章中提到“Its long-term performance depends on its ability to provide learning to a broad cross sections of citizens, to advance national proficiency in math and science and to create an adaptable work force, as well as to develop a national appreciation for discovery, entrepreneurship and the creative process”，这样可以排除与原文意思不符的A、D两项，而当前占据领导地位的依然是美国，C在文中并未提及，应予以排除，故本题选择B项。
单选题
It can be inferred from the text that the most possible direction of university reform in the US is ______ [A] offering more attractive scholarships. [B] developing advanced economic theories. [C] finding a better system for learning and researching. [D] spending more money for hardware improvement.