填空题Directions: Read the following text and
choose the best answer from the right column to complete each of the unfinished
statements in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column.
Mark your answers on theANSWER SHEET. Over the past decade the government of South Africa has used mining
revenues to refurbish Soweto, the symbolic town of the apartheid era. The roads
are spotless, police patrols offer a measure of safety, children go to school.
But their parents have no jobs. Many spend their days at the Maponya Mall, a
shopping centre straight from the rich world, and their nights in shebeens,
private drinking dens that first opened when blacks could not legally visit
bars. The official national unemployment rate is 25%, but the real figure is
above 40%. If there is one country that exemplifies the
challenges awaiting Africa as it becomes richer and more developed, it is South
Africa. It has the biggest economy and the most developed democracy among the
larger African countries. However, it is also among the most unequal. In a
global ranking by Gini coefficient, a measure of income inequality, South Africa
comes off as one of the worst. The South African economy is growing and welfare
spending has brought down absolute poverty levels, yet the gap between rich and
poor is now wider than under apartheid. There are many reasons for this, but the
main one is the country's failure to move up the economic-development ladder.
Industrialization has stalled. Sedated by mining income, politicians and voters
see little need to make difficult adjustments. Above all, they are unwilling to
free up labour markets. The rest of the continent must learn
its lesson from this. Resource income is useful but it cannot replace other
industries. Many countries know this but, like South Africa, they fail to create
an environment in which businesses can prosper and create jobs. African
economies differ fundamentally from some of their successful Asian counterparts,
which for decades have focused on making things that other countries want to
buy, and are now doing the same for services. If Africa wants to overtake Asia,
it needs to give a higher priority to manufacturing. Will it?
Fee-hungry bankers in Johannesburg, South Africa's business capital, pronounce
the continent "ready for take-off". Business conferences are filled with talk of
African lions overtaking Asian tigers. Bob Geldof, the founder of Live Aid, is
leading the pack in his new incarnation as head of an investment
group. Sceptics are equally vocal. Some view capitalism with
suspicion and sense a return to colonialism. Others point out that every boom
comes to an end, citing the last chapter of Thomas Pakenham's otherwise
excellent book, "The Scramble for Africa", published in 1992. It depicts
Zimbabwe's independence in 1980-towards the end of an earlier commodities
boom-as a bright new dawn and applauds the rise of its first black leader, Mr.
Mugabe, who went on to bankrupt his country. A．has the most
unequal revenues B．has the worst democratic system
C．can not displace other industries D．the country fails
to boost its economy E．every prosperity will finally meets its
end F．Africa's economy will soon overtake Asia
G．has prepared for the economic development
填空题
Among larger African countries, South Africa ______.
填空题
The gap between rich and poor in South Africa is wider because ______.
填空题
Resource revenue like mining income is helpful but ______.
填空题
Bankers in Johannesburg announce that Africa ______.
填空题
Compared with some skeptics, others view that ______.