单选题
Even if the US"s massive financial rescue operation succeeds, it should be followed by something even more far-reaching—the establishment of a Global Monetary Authority to oversee markets that have become borderless. Washington recognizes that the crisis has become global. Hank Paulson, Treasury secretary, has said that foreign banks operating in the US will be eligible for federal assistance and he is urging other nations to fashion their own bail-out programs. Central banks have also been synchronizing injections of funds into markets. These should be steps to a more comprehensive international response designed not just to extinguish the current fires, but to rebuild and maintain the capital markets for the longer term. The current global institutional apparatus is woefully incapable of overseeing the financial system that is evolving. The International Monetary Fund is irrelevant to this crisis, the Group of Seven leading industrial countries lacks legitimacy in a world where China, Brazil and others are big players, and the Bank for International Settlement has no operational role. The US Federal Reserve is too besieged to act as a global central bank. That vacuum at the centre is dangerous for everyone. The US"s dependence on massive inflows of foreign capital, roughly $3bn(2bn, ￡1.6bn)a day, will surely increase now as Uncle Sam acquires $1 , 000bn in new obligations from current bail-outs. For years to come, Wall Street and Washington will be unable to manage without strong co-operation from other markets. Beyond that, the international dimensions of finance are mind-boggling. Global assets have increased from $12, 000bn in 1980 to nearly $200, 000bn in 2007, far outstripping the growth of gross domestic product or the expansion of trade. An increasing amount of this capital now resides in Asia and the Gulf, not the US or Europe. A US company such as AIG sold more of its credit default swaps and insurance policies outside the US than within it. UBS employs 30, 000 Americans, is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and owns Paine Webber. The capital markets will evolve in the context in which emerging market economies will be growing twice as fast as the rich nations and will, by mid-century, probably account for almost two-thirds of global GDP. Globalization will now also create a clash of philosophies. Most governments and investors outside the US never shared the American system of cowboy capitalism. Now they have good reason to demand that some fundamental changes be made in the way the US manages its financial institutions. This can happen with a conscious, negotiated modification in the US financial model, or it could result from foreign investors shifting their funds elsewhere. All of these considerations point to the eventual need for a new Global Monetary Authority. It would set the tone for capital markets in a way that would not be viscerally opposed to a strong public oversight function with rules for intervention, and would return to capital formation the goal of economic growth and development rather than trading for its own sake. In terms of US and international politics, a Global Monetary Authority is probably an idea whose time has not yet come. That may change as today"s crisis evolves.
单选题
The American government considers their bail-out programs in the US______.
单选题
The world capital markets have been changing in terms of______.
【正确答案】
D
【答案解析】解析：根据题干定位到第四段。本段主要讲全球资产的变化。首先是从12万亿增至200万亿(increasedfrom $12．000bn in 1980 to nearly $200，000bn in 2007)；其次是资本越来越多地出现在亚洲和海湾地区(resides in Asia and the Gulf)；再者是新兴市场经济体的增长速度是富裕国家的两倍(be growing twice asfast as the rich nations)。因此速度、规模和地域都有变化，故选D。
单选题
Which of the following will NOT happen due to the clashes between philosophies?
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】解析：由题干定位到第五段。本段主要讲述了如何应对价值体系的冲突。B、C、D项都是美国可能做出的调整，只有A项是冲突的具体体现：美国以外的投资者和政府不能认同美国牛仔式资本主义制度“Mostgovernments and investors outside the US never shared the American system of cowboy capitalism”，所以A项是正确答案。
单选题
The future Global Monetary Authority is expected to______, according to the author.