阅读理解 The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be "all things to all people". In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow-minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, "the national colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials than in providing a quality education for their students." The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping an "integrated core" of common learning. Such a core would introduce students "to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus". Although the key to a good college is a high-quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed: "Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most." Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicate themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure, promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculty say their interests lie among more in teaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that "There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications."

单选题 When a college tries to be "all things to all people" (Para. 1), it aims to ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】细节理解题。根据题干到原文第一段定位。“In doing so...”其实指代的正是“many colleges have tried to be all things to all people”，而这样做的后果就是：大学越来越迎合一种狭隘的职业培训至上的观点，而没有能够开阔学生的眼界。可见高校开设很多课让学生选修，其首要目的在技术培训，以迎合就业，而非灌输基本知识。

单选题 By saying that "in too many academic fields, the work has no context" (Para. 1) the author means that the teaching in these areas ______.

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】细节理解题。此题需要联系上下文进行思考。在这里要特别注意分号的使用，它表示前后两分句的意思一致或互为补充说明。因此作者说“the work has no context”，是因为学校将技术培训视为目的而非手段，显然作者是持反对态度的。而选项B表达的就是“作者认为高等教育中视技术培训为目的的做法是错误的”。A项内容没有提及。C和D项都是作者提倡的。