单选题 From climate change to the ongoing pandemic (大流行病) and beyond, the issues facing today’s world are increasingly complex and dynamic. Yet solving problems like these requires new approaches that extend beyond traditional ways of thinking. A study led by Yale Professor of Psychology, Paul O’Keefe, found that having a growth mindset (思维倾向) of interest may spark this type of innovation. Professor O’Keefe established in earlier studies that people hold different beliefs about the nature of interest. Those with a growth mindset of interest tend to believe that interests can be developed and cultivated, while those with a fixed mindset of interest tend to believe that interests are inherent (与生俱有的) and simply need to be ’found. ’ Building on these findings, the latest research examined how a growth mindset of interest can boost integrative thinking across the traditional disciplinary boundaries of arts and sciences. For example, in one task, research participants were instructed to create new college majors by combining two or more existing academic Arts or Science programs at their university. After coding and analyzing the ideas they generated, the team found that people with a growth mindset of interest were more likely to bridge programs across the arts and sciences to create new majors like computational economics rather than creating majors that drew from only one of those areas, like computational chemistry. As Professor O’Keefe pointed out, "This research provides a useful direction for organizations whose products and services call for integrated and creative solutions. Take smartphones for example. You need not only computer science and engineering knowledge, but also an understanding of psychology and visual design to create a better product. Employees with a growth mindset may be more likely to devise innovative ideas that bridge multiple areas of knowledge to achieve better solutions." The benefits of a growth mindset of interest may also extend to those seeking employment. This is a pressing issue because many people are becoming unemployed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Having a growth mindset of interest can help job seekers expand their interests and become more adaptable to different fields, and take the initiative to learn new skills.

单选题 What does the author say about the world today?

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，从气候变化到目前的大流行病以及其他问题，当今世界的问题越来越复杂和多变。A)中的varied and complicated对应原文中complex and dynamic，故答案为A)。文章第一段第二句提到解决这些问题需要超越传统思维方式的新方法，并未说明传统思维已经被废除，故排除B)；C)“它正在经历彻底而深刻的变革”和D)“它正在见证多种多样的创新”在文中未提及，故排除。

单选题 What did Professor O’Keefe find in his earlier studies?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，奥基夫教授在早期的研究中证实，人们对兴趣的本质持有不同的看法，即存在分歧。C)中的divided对应原文中的different，故为答案。文章第二段第二句提到那些具有兴趣增长型思维的人倾向于认为兴趣是可以发展和培养的，并不是说兴趣会随年龄而改变，故排除A)；B)“人们的兴趣决定他们的思维方式”和D)“不同年龄的人有不同的思维方式”均未在文中提及，故排除。

单选题 What is the focus of Professor O’Keefe’s recent research?

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，在这些发现的基础上，最新的研究检验了兴趣增长型思维是如何促进跨人文和科学的传统学科边界的综合性思维的。因此，奥基夫最近的研究重点即兴趣增长型思维模式如何促进跨学科思维，故答案为D)。定位句中提及跨越学科界限的综合性思维，而不是消除学科之间的界限，故排除A)；B)中提到的创造像计算经济学这样的新学科只是研究参与者的一项任务，并非奥基夫教授的研究主题，故排除B)；C)在文中未提及，故排除。

单选题 What does the author want to illustrate with the example of smartphones?

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】推理判断题。定位句提到以智能手机为例，而举例子的目的可在下文找到。该段后两句提到，你不仅需要计算机科学和工程知识，还需要对心理学和视觉设计有所理解，才能创造出更好的产品。而具有成长型思维的员工更可能谋划出跨越多个知识领域的创新想法，以实现更好的解决方案。由此可见，制造创新性产品需要具备多学科知识，故答案为C)。A)“跨学科研究中需要高科技产品”和B)“技术改进会产生受欢迎的产品”在文章中并未提及，故排除；结合第四段内容，可推断出是人的综合性思维会促进一些高科技产品的诞生，因此可排除D)。

单选题 What is the author’s suggestion to those who are seeking employment?

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】推理判断题。定位句指出，兴趣增长型思维的好处也可能延伸到那些寻求就业的人身上。该段最后解释说，拥有兴趣增长型思维可以帮助求职者拓展兴趣，更好地适应不同领域。由此可知，求职者应当拓展兴趣，以增加就业机会，故答案为B)。文中并未提及A)“学习一些实用技能”和C)“在大流行病期间注意安全”，故排除；最后一段第二句提到就业是一个紧迫的问题，因为许多人由于COVID-19疫情而失业，而不是说找工作的人要了解他们的紧迫问题，故排除D)。