Two Cultural DimensionsCulture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one category of people from another. There are four cultural dimensions as defined in Hofstede's research, two of which are talked about.I. Power Distance Definition: the extent to which subordinates can【T1】 1 with【T1】 2bosses or managers Oriental Culture: high power distanceA "Power-oriented culture": superiors are entitled more【T2】 3【T2】 4— Typical countries: Malaysia, Japan, China and IndiaB. "The【T3】 5 culture": subordinates respect superiors【T3】 6— Advantage: an easy managing system— Disadvantage: not favorable for【T4】 7 employees to work well【T4】 8 Western Culture: low power distanceA. "The【T5】 9 culture": each higher level has a clear and【T5】 10demonstrable function of holding together the level beneath itB. Leadership style: hierarchy and【T6】 11【T6】 12C. Advantage: explore all the【T7】 13 of employees【T7】 14D. Typical countries: Germany,【T8】 15【T8】 16 Suggestion: managers and subordinates work together efficientlyand more【T9】 17【T9】 18II. Uncertainty avoidance Definition: the extent to which one feels either uncomfortableor comfortable in【T10】 19 situations【T10】 20 Uncertainty avoiding cultures: minimize the possibility of such situationsA By strict【T11】 21, safety and security measures【T11】 22B. By a belief in【T12】 23【T12】 24 High uncertainty avoidance: Japan, ChinaA Prefer job【T13】 25【T13】 26B. Team work instead of independent work Low uncertainty avoidance: USA Denmark, SingaporeA High Job【T14】 27【T14】 28B. Risk-taking Suggestion: pay attention to【T15】 29 set between【T15】 30different uncertainty avoidance
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