D
When a leafy plant is under attack ，it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out.But is anyone listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbours react.
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty .They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned .The attacker who are natural enemies to the attackers . Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors ,relatively speaking ,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.
Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.
What does a plant do when it is under attack?
根据Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm可知，当植物受到伤害时，会分泌出一种化学物质，故D项正确。
What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
根据Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.可知，一旦它们到达这里，攻击者就成为植物的午餐，故A项正确。
Scientists find from their studiesthat plants can
根据Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked可知，植物分泌出VOCs，是为了保护自己，故B项正确。
what can we infer from the lastparagraph?
根据imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear可知，这个世界比我们看到或者听到的更热闹更亲密，因此世界也比我们想象的更复杂，故C项正确。