Besides active foreign enterprises and a【B1】number of private employers, a consequential new development was the development of employment in state-owned enterprises (guanying or guanshang ). Started by some【B2】Qing officials, the yangwupai, in the late nineteenth century, sizable state-owned enterprises developed primarily【B3】enhancing China"s national defense. Famous industrial giants of today"s China such as the shipyards in Shanghai and heavy industries in cities like Wuhan, Nanjing, and Chongqing were built by the Qing or the Republic governments. Some of them later began to【B4】considerable private investment. After World War II, this type of state- owned employment became very important. Labor in those enterprises consisted basically【B5】two tiers: a largely market-oriented allocation of blue-collar and some white-collar workers, and a mostly state allocation of most of the white-collar workers including managerial and technical personnel. The latter was a distorted labor market that featured strong【B6】considerations in allocating and managing labor. Personal and kinship connections, the so-called "petticoat influence", and political【B7】were the norm for this type of labor allocation pattern. In a way, it was midway between a rather crude market oriented labor allocation pattern and the centuries-old, warm, family-based traditional labor allocation pattern. It covered a very small but important portion of the Chinese labor force, and thus【B8】our attention. Later, it apparently provided the historical precedent【B9】state-owned enterprises to allocate their administrative and technical cadres, even its entire industrial labor force,【B10】state employees.
单选题 【B1】
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:本题测试动词的原形、过去式、过去分词和现在分词四种形态的语法意义辨析。正文中的number需要一个前置的修饰语,例如形容词或非谓语动词,而且含主动语态的意义。符合条件的只有growing。grow(动词原形)生长;grown(过去分词)长大了的,或被培育;grew(过去式)生长过;growing(现在分词)日益增长的。
单选题 【B2】
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:本题测试复合形容词的构词方法,此处涉及名词加过去分词的模式:reform minded。reform-mind是两个名词组合而成的名词;reformed-mind等于汉语的偏正结构,其主体仍然是名词,不是贴切的修饰语;reforming-mind类似汉语的动宾词组,非贴切的修饰语;reform-minded是复合形容词,意为"具有改革思想的"。
单选题 【B3】
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】解析:本题测试介词和名词的搭配。in the purpose of中in与the purpose of不搭配;by the purpose of中by与the purpose of不搭配;with the purpose of中with与the purpose of不搭配;for the purpose of是介词短语,意为"为了…目的"。
单选题 【B4】
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:本题测试动词近义词辨析。melt融化;receive接收;attain获取;absorb吸收。
单选题 【B5】
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:本题测试动词与介词的搭配,其他选项均不与consist搭配;of与consist搭配,意为"由…组成"。
单选题 【B6】
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:本题测试形容词economic的不同前后缀的语法意义。noneconomical不节约的;ineconomic,in+economic经济,前缀不合适;ineconomical,in+economical,前缀不合适,上下文也不贴切;noneconomic非经济的。
单选题 【B7】
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:本题测试近形词和同源词。flavor滋味,以相近的词形做干扰;flavoring作料,以相近的词形做干扰;favored受到优待的,形容词,是favoritism的同源词;favoritism偏爱。
单选题 【B8】
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】解析:本题测试动词近义词辨析。pays支付;puts摆放;devotes投入于;deserves值得。
单选题 【B9】
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】解析:本题测试介词辨析。to给;in进入;on关于;for为。
单选题 【B10】
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】解析:本题测试介、副词的一词多义与近义词的辨析,as有"像…"的意思,但是此处意为"作为"。like像…;same同样;being存在;as作为。