单选题 The scourge that's plaguing cruise lines--and causing thousands of tourists to rethink their holiday travel plans--didn't start this year, nor did it even start on a ship. It began, as far as the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) can tell, in Norwalk, U. S., in October 1968, when 116 elementary school children and teachers suddenly became iii. The CDC investigated, and the cause was discovered to be a small, spherical, previously unclassified virus that scientists named, appropriately enough, the Norwalk virus.
Flash forward 34 years, and Norwalk-like viruses ( there's a whole family of them) are all over the news as one ocean liner after another limps into port with passengers complaining of nausea and vomiting. The CDC, which gets called in whenever more than 2% of a vessel's passengers come down with the same disease, identified Norwalk as the infectious agent and oversaw thorough ship cleaning--which, to the dismay of the owners of the cruise lines, haven't made the problem go away.
So are we in the middle of an oceangoing epidemic? Not according to Dave Forney, chief of the CDC's vessel-sanitation program. He sees this kind of thing all the time; a similar outbreak on sever al ships in Alaska last year got almost no press. In fact, he says, as far as gastrointestinal illness goes, fewer people may be getting sick this year than last.
Norwalk-like viruses, it turns out, are extremely common--perhaps second only to cold viruses-and they tend to break out whenever people congregate in close quarters for more than two or three days. Oceangoing pleasure ships provide excellent breeding grounds, but so do schools, hotels, camps, nursing homes and hospitals. "Whenever we look for this virus," says Dr. Marc Widdowson, a CDC epidemiologist, "we find it." Just last week 100 students (of 500) at the Varsity Acres Elementary School in Calgary, Canada, stayed home sick. School trick? Hardly. The Norwalk virus had struck again.
If ocean cruises are your idea of fun, don't despair. This might even be a great time to go shipping for a bargain. The ships have been cleaned. The food and water have been examined and found virus free. According to the CDC, it was probably the passengers who brought the virus aboard.
Of course, if you are iii or recovering from a stomach bug, you might do everybody a favor and put off your travel until the infectious period has passed (it can take a couple of weeks). To reduce your chances of getting sick, the best thing to do is wash your hands--frequently and thoroughly-- and keep them out of' your mouth.
One more thing: if, like me, you are prone to motion sickness, don't forget to pack your Drama mine.

单选题 According to the passage, CDC is an organization that
A. works against the Norwalk-like viruses. B. helps to control diseases.
C. specialized in treat virus in ocean liners.D. works for the benefits of cruise owners.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 推理判断题。根据题干中的CDC回归定位至第二段第二句，该句提到当一艘船上2%的人都得了某种疾病的话，CDC就会被叫来调查。可见CDC的职能是[B]内容，故为答案。避错指导：第二句提到CDC辨明Norwalk是一个传染源，该组织检查了整艘船，进行清洁。但这只是对该机构工作内容所举的一个例子而已，并不能由此得出该机构的职责就是消除the Norwalk-like viruses，排除[A]。同理，船上的传染病也只是一个特例而已，无法得出[C]中内容。第二段末句提到the owners of the cruise lines，[D]属于过度推断，无依据，排除。
单选题 What can be inferred from the words of Dave Forney?
A. Norwalk-like viruses caused horrors among people.
B. Norwalk-like viruses can be eliminated by CDC.
C. Norwalk-like viruses casually appear on vessels.
D. Norwalk-like viruses co-exist with gastrointestinal illness.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 推理判断题。根据题干中的Dave Fomey定位至第三段。从该段可知，Dave Fomey认为感染了Norwalk viruses并非意味着爆发流行病。他这种情况见得多了：去年在阿拉斯加，几艘船上都爆发了类似疾病，这几乎没有引起任何关注。可见他认为这种病毒在船上出现没什么大不了的，偶而出现而已，故 [C]为答案。避错指导：Dave Forney的话中没有提到人们的反应，排除[A]。从第二段末句可知CDC并没有让该病毒消失，排除[B]。第三段末句指出：就肠胃疾病而言，今年的病患人数可能比去年的少。这里没有涉及Norwalk-like viruses，排除[D]。
单选题 The history of Norwalk virus tells us that
A. it is named by CDC. B. it caused thousands of tourists sick.
C. it is an ordinary virus. D. it has been eradicated now.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。本文第一、二和四段都出现了Norwalk virus，一、二两段对the Norwalk virus的历史进行了回顾。第四段首句指出Norwalk-like viruses极为普通，这与[C]内容一致，故为答案。避错指导：首段末句指出科学家们将这种以前未发现的病毒命名为the Norwalk virus，命名者不是CDC，排除[A]。第二段首句提到船上的乘客抱怨恶心，呕吐，但并没有提到病人数字，排除[B]。第四段首句指出Norwalk-like viruses是紧次于感冒的最常见的病毒，只要人们聚集在一个狭小空间超过两至三天就可能爆发。显然[D]错误，排除。
单选题 We can learn from the fourth paragraph that
A. students are easily attacked by the Norwalk-like virus.
B. Norwalk-like viruses tend to break out in closed crowded place.
C. Norwalk-like viruses might cause flu.
D. Norwalk-like viruses are not widespread.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。第四段首句they(Norwalk-like viruses)tend to break out whenever people con gregate in close quarters是[B]的同义转述，故该项为答案。避错指导：该段倒数第三句虽然提到了学生患病的事情，但[A]属于过度推断，排除。从该段首句可知Norwalk-like viruses与cold viruses是不同的病毒， [C]无依据，排除。此外Norwalk-like viruses是extremely common的病毒，与[D]矛盾，排除。
单选题 We know from the author's suggestions that
A. we can bargain about the ocean cruises.
B. people with motion sickness should not travel by ships.
C. passengers might be the cause of Norwalk-like viruses.
D. wash hands is a good habit.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 事实细节题。本文前四段都是对Norwalk virus的介绍，没有涉及作者的建议，因此本题考查点在于最后三段。由倒数第三段末句：it was probably the passengers who brought the virus aboard．可知[C]为答案。避错指导：倒数第三段第二句指出：这也许是一个便宜乘船的好机会。[A]“我们能对乘坐轮船游览讨价还价”是对该句的曲解，排除。全文末段给出忠告：如果你晕车晕船的话，别忘了带晕海宁。排除 [B]。作者在倒数第二段末句中建议人们在船上要经常、彻底地洗手，这与是否好习惯无关，排除[D]。