阅读理解 For decades, ferry boats crossed the cold waters of Michigan's Straits of Mackinac, shuttling people and vehicles between the two halves of the split-up state. Since the 1880s, Michigan residents dreamed of a bridge that would span the 4-mile gap between Mackinaw City and St. Ignace, an area that limited tourism in Mackinac Island and disturbed commerce in the remote Upper Peninsula.
Because construction would be hard, with high winds and harsh winters, some engineers suggested a floating tunnel or a series of small bridges instead. But, by the 1940s, with lines for ferry boats sometimes stretching for 16 miles, the idea of one continuous span won out. And what a span it turned out to be. Five miles long, the "Mighty Mac," which opened to traffic on Nov. 1, 1957, was to become the world's longest suspension bridge between cable anchorages. Even today, it remains the longest suspension bridge in the Western Hemisphere and the third-longest bridge in the world.
Designed by engineer David B. Steinman, the bridge was built in just three years, on time and on budget. That was a remarkable feat in itself. But the challenges were so great—33 of the bridge's 34 pieces had to be built under water—that five workers perished during construction. One man died diving, one fell in a caisson while welding, another drowned, and two fell from a catwalk. The bridge has seen many tragedies since. On Sept. 10, 1978, three National Guard officers in a private plane got lost in a thick fog and crashed into the cables of the north tower. In 1989, a woman was killed when gale force winds—and her excessive speed—lifted her 1987 Yugo into the air, sending it 150 feet into the water. And in 1997, a sport utility vehicle took the plunge.
Although authorities believed the latter incident to have been a suicide, the bridge does not attract jumpers the way, for instance, the Golden Gate does. In 1977, Lawrence Rubin of the Mackinac Bridge Authority shared his theory on the lack of leapers with the Detroit News: "People who commit suicide like attention. But it's peaceful here... you could jump off this bridge, and it might take years before anybody found out."
The bridge authority acknowledges that the prospect of such excitement may be overwhelming for some, which is why it offers free escorts for gephyrobiacs—people with a fear of crossing bridges. Each year, hundreds of drivers take advantage of the service.
单选题 1.According to the first paragraph, Michigan's Straits of Mackinac
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到第一段。其中讲到密歇根麦基诺水道限制了麦基诺岛旅游业的发展并阻碍了与遥远的上半岛之间的商贸往来,故D项正确。
单选题 2.It can be inferred from the text that the reason for building a continuous span is that
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】事实细节题。考查因果细节;根据continuous span定位在第二段。该段说明由于渡船的航线有时延长至16英里,因此建设一座连续的跨桥这一想法最终脱颖而出,故D项与之相符。
单选题 3.The tragedy of five construction workers is cited to prove that
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】事实细节题,考查例证细节。根据tragedy定位到第三段。其中讲述的大桥意外都是为了突出说明虽然它是一件了不起的杰作,但在其建设过程中遇到的挑战也是巨大的,故C项正确。
单选题 4.Under Lawrence Rubin's theory,
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】推理判断题。根据Lawrence Rubin定位到第四段。其中解释了麦基诺大桥不像其他大桥那么吸引坠桥自杀者的原因,即想要自杀的人希望引起人们的注意,但麦基诺大桥这儿太平静了,故C项正确。
单选题 5.What is the author's attitude towards the free escorts provided by the bridge authority?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】观点态度题。根据free escorts定位到第五段。其中讲到,大桥官方机构免费为害怕过桥的人提供护送队,但是每年上百名大桥护送队司机都会乘机利用这项服务谋取私利,故D项与之相符。