阅读理解 The Internet is a global network that connects other computer networks, together with software and protocols for controlling the movement of data. The Internet, often referred to as "the Net", was initiated in 1969 by a group of universities and private research groups funded by the US Department of Defense. It now covers almost every country in the world. Its organization is informal and deliberately nonpolitical; its controllers tend to concentrate on technical aspects rather than on administrative control.
The Internet offers users a number of basic services including data transfer, electronic mail, and the ability to access information in remote databases. A notable feature is the existence of user groups, which allow people to exchange information and debate specific subjects of interest. In addition, there are a number of high-level services. For example, MBONE allows the transmission of messages to more than one destination. It is used in videoconferencing. The World Wide Web, known as "the Web", is another high level Internet service, developed in the 1990s in Geneva. It is a service for distributing multimedia information, including graphics, pictures, sounds, and video as well as text. A feature of the World Wide Web is that it allows links to other related documents elsewhere on the Internet. Documents for publication on the Web are presented in a form known as HTML(hypertext mark up language). This allows a specification of the page layout and typography as it will appear on the screen. It also allows the inclusion of active links to other documents. Generally, these appear on the screen display as highlighted text or as additional icons. Typically, the user can use a mouse to "click" on one of these points to load and view a related document. Many commercial and public organizations now have their own Web site(specified by an address code)and publish a "home page", giving information about the organization.
Up to the mid-1990s, the major users of the Internet were academic and research organizations. This has begun to change rapidly with individual home users linking in through commercial access providers and with a growing interest by companies in using the Internet for publicity, sales, and as a medium for electronic publishing. At the same time, there are problems with the flow of information across national borders, bringing in debates about copyright protection, data protection, the publication of pornography, and ultimately political control and censorship.
单选题 46.From the first paragraph, we learn that the Internet______.
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】根据第一段,虽然国际互联网依靠美国国防部投资支持的些人首先发起建成,但是,目前,其组织是非官方的、有意识地保持其非政治色彩,控制者通常负责技术管理,而不是行政管理。A项不对。根据第一段第二句,发起人是些大学教授和私人研究组织,美国国防部只是在创建时提供了资金支持。C项意为:根本不存在管理它的组织。根据第一段最后句,有组织在管理它,虽然这个组织不是官方的。
单选题 47.Access to remote information______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】根据第二段,国际互联网可以向用户提供许多基本服务项目(basic service),包括数据传输、电子邮件、从远处的数据库获取信息等。可见,从远处数据库获取信息被列为其基本功能。答案为C。
单选题 48.It can be inferred that the development of HTML prepared the way for______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】第二段最后句指出,许多商业组织和政府组织有自己的网址,制作自己的网页,用以宣传自己。而这切成为可能是由于HTML的存在。HTML是种网络通用标记语言。
单选题 49.Which of the following is not a problem brought in by the popularization of the Internet?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】
单选题 50.This passage focuses on______.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】纵览全文,文章的意图在于叙述国际互联网的历史发展过程,重点叙述了其功能逐渐扩大的过程。