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However, a number of features that are characteristic of
wind-pollinated plants reduce pollen waste. For example, many wind-pollinated
species fail to release pollen when wind speeds are low or when humid conditions
prevail. Recent studies suggest another way in which species compensate for the
inefficiency of wind pollination. These studies suggest that species frequently
take advantage of the physics of pollen motion by generating specific
aerodynamic environments within the immediate vicinity of their
female reproductive organs. {{U}}It is the morphology of these organs that
dictates the pattern of airflow disturbances through which pollen must
travel.{{/U}} The speed and direction of the airflow disturbances can combine with
the physical properties of a species' pollen to produce a species-specific
pattern of pollen collision on the surfaces of female reproductive organs.
Provided that these surfaces are strategically located, the consequences of this
combination can significantly increase the pollen-capture efficiency of a female
reproductive organ.
The "aerodynamic environments" mentioned in
the passage, when they are produced, are primarily determined by the
- A. presence of insects near the plant.
- B. physical properties of the plant's pollen.
- C. shape of the plant's female reproductive organs.
- D. amount of pollen generated by the plant.
- E. number of seeds produced by the plant.