【正确答案】(1) Informative: For most people the informative function is predominantly the major role of language. Language is the instrument of thought and people often feel need to speak their thoughts aloud, for instance, when they are working on a math problem. This is also called the ideational function in the framework of functional grammar.
(2)Interpersonal Function: By far the most important sociological use of language is the interpersonal function, by which people establish and maintain their status in a society. For example, the ways in which people address others (e.g. Dear Sir, Dear Professor, Johnny, yours, Your obedient servant) and refer to themselves indicate the various grades of interpersonal relations.
(3)Performative: The performative function of language is primarily to change the social status of persons, as in marriage ceremonies, the sentencing of criminals, the blessing of children, the naming of a ship at a launching ceremony, and the cursing of enemies. The kind of language employed in persormative verbal acts is usually quite formal and even ritualized.
(4)Emotive Function: This function of language is one of the most powerful uses of language because it is crucial in changing the emotional status of an audience for or against someone or something. It is a means of getting rid of our nervous energy when we are under stress, e.g. swear words, obscenities, involuntary verbal reactions to a piece of art Or scenery; conventional words or phrases, e.g. God, My, Damn it, What a sight, Wow, Ugh, Oh, ...
(5)Phatic Communion: When we communicate with people, we all use such small, seemingly meaningless expressions to maintain a comfortable relationship between people without involving any factual content. Ritual exchanges about health or weather such as Good morning, God bless you, Nice day often state the obvious.
(6)Recreational function: People use language for sheer joy of using it, such as a baby's babbling or a chanter's chanting.
(7)Metalingual Function: Our language can be used to talk about itself. For example, I can use the word book to talk about a book, and I can also use the expression "the word book" to talk about the sign "book" itself.

【答案解析】[解析] 此题考查的是考生对语言功能的理解。语言具有七个基本功能：同时，考生还应该理解并掌握语言的其六个功能：informative(信息功能)、interpersonal(人际功能)、performative(施为功能)、emotive(感情功能)、phatic communion(寒暄功能)、recreational(娱乐功能)、metalingual function(元语言功能)。