.  While traveling for various speaking engagements, I frequently stay overnight in the home of a family and am invited to one of the children's bedrooms. In it, I often find so many playthings that there's almost no room. And the closet is usually so tightly packed with clothes that I can barely squeeze in my jacket. I'm not complaining, only making a point.
    I think that the tendency to give children an overabundance (过多) of toys and clothes is quite common in American families, and I think that in far too many families not only do children come to take their parents' generosity for granted, but also the effects of this can actually be somewhat harmful to children.
    Of course, I'm not only thinking of the material possessions children are given. Children can also be overindulged (过分宠爱) with too many privileges—for example, when parents send a child to an expensive summer camp that the parents can't really afford. Why?
    One fairly common reason is that parents overindulge their children out of a sense of guilt. Parents who both hold down full-time jobs may feel guilty about the amount of time they spend away from their children and may attempt to compensate by showering them with material possessions.
    Overindulgence of a child also happens when parents are unable to stand up to their children's unreasonable demands. Such parents vacillate between saying no and giving in—but neither response seems satisfactory to them. If they refuse a request, they immediately feel a wave of remorse for having been so strict or ungenerous. If they give in, they feel regret and resentment over having been a pushover. This kind of vacillation not only impairs the parents' ability to set limits, it also sours the parent-child relationship to some degree, robbing parents and their children of some of the happiness and mutual respect that should be present in healthy families.
    But overindulging children with material things does little to lessen parental guilt (since parents never feel that they've given enough), nor does it make children feel more loved (for what children really crave is parents' time and attention). Instead, the effects of overindulgence can be harmful. Children may, to some degree become greedy, self-centered, ungrateful and insensitive to the needs and feelings of others, beginning with their parents. When children are given too much, their respect for their parents would be undermined.1.  The writer uses the example of his staying overnight in other family's home to ______.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】 作者发现给孩子过多的玩具和服装在美国家庭是普遍的倾向。作者认为这样做会对孩子产生一定程度的负面影响。
   细节题。题目问的是作者举例他到外地演讲,住在别人家里的情况是为了说明什么。定位到本文第一段作者先讲述了他到外地演讲,住在别人家里的情况。孩子的壁橱里装满了玩具和衣服,让他无法塞进自己的夹克。然后作者总结这个例子说明的问题,指出:I'm not complaining, only making a point意为“我没有抱怨,只是表明一个看法。”后文指出美国家庭给孩子过多玩具和衣服的现象很普遍,然后指出这样做的恶果是:孩子把父母的慷慨视作理所当然,这样对孩子不好,故选C。
[参考译文] 我被邀请到各地演说的时候,常常需要在别人家过夜。我通常被带到一个孩子的卧室里过夜。在这些房间里,我经常发现很多玩具将卧室堆满了。并且衣柜通常都塞得满满的以至于连我的夹克都没有办法塞进去。我不是在抱怨,我只是想说明一个问题。
   我认为,倾向于给孩子过多的玩具和衣服的现象在美国家庭中是很常见的。而且我认为许多的家庭这样做,不仅会让孩子把家长的慷慨大方当作是理所当然的,实际上还会对孩子造成不良的影响。
   当然,我不只是在思考孩子们拥有物质财富的问题。孩子因各种特殊的待遇而受宠。例如,为什么父母明明承担不起还要送孩子去夏令营呢?
   一个相当普遍的原因是父母出于内疚而溺爱他们的孩子。因为全职的工作,家长们因为不能多陪伴孩子而感到内疚,就试图用物质的东西来补偿。
   溺爱也体现在家长无法拒绝孩子任性时的无理要求。父母在拒绝或妥协之间摇摆不定——但是不论哪种回应都无法令他们感到满意。如果他们拒绝了一个要求他们立刻觉得对孩子太严格或不够大方,而如果屈服了,又会感到懊悔,觉得自己太过软弱。这种犹豫不决不仅会影响家长对孩子的约束能力,也会在某种程度上破坏亲子关系,剥夺家长和孩子们之间的健康家庭中所有的幸福感和相互尊重。
   但过分满足孩子的物质既不能减轻父母的内疚感(因为父母永远觉得他们给的不够多),也不能让孩子们感受到更多的爱(孩子真正需要的是父母的时间和关注)。相反,溺爱的影响是有害的。孩子们会在某种程度上变得贪婪、自私、忘恩负义,对他人,首先是父母的需要和感情毫不在乎。父母给孩子太多,会破坏孩子对他们的尊重。