单选题
Anonymity is not something which was invented with the Internet. Anonymity and pseudonymity has occurred throughout history. For example, William Shakespeare is probably a pseudonym, and the real name of this
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author is not known and will probably never be known.
Anonymity has been used for many purposes. A well-known person may use a pseudonym to write messages, where the person does not want people"s
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of the real author
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their perception of the message. Also other people may want to
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certain information about themselves in order to achieve a more
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evaluation of their messages. A case in point is that in history it has been
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that women used male pseudonyms, and for Jews to use pseudonyms in societies where their
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was persecuted. Anonymity is often used to protect the
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of people, for example when reporting results of a scientific study, when describing individual cases.
Many countries even have laws which protect anonymity in certain circumstances. For instance, a person may, in many countries, consult a priest, doctor or lawyer and
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personal information which is protected. In some
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, for example confession in catholic churches, the confession booth is specially
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to allow people to consult a priest,
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seeing him face to face.
The anonymity in
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situations is however not always 100%. Ira person tells a lawyer that he plans a
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crime, some countries allow or even
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that the lawyer tell the
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. The decision to do so is not easy, since people who tell a priest or a psychologist that they plan a crime, may often do this to
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their feeling more than their real intention.
Many countries have laws protecting the anonymity of tip-offs to newspapers. It is regarded as
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that people can give tips to newspapers about abuse, even though they are dependent
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the organization they are criticizing and do not dare reveal their real name. Advertisement in personal sections in newspapers are also always signed by a pseudonym for
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reasons.