单选题 Read the following text. Answer the questions below the text by choosing A, B, C or D.
By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it's closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven't heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.
While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.
The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there's the convenience promised by courses on the net; you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rates for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for E-Cornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.
Clearly, from the schools' perspective, there's a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in servers and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded (升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don't come to campus, the more the school saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there's evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won't be paid any more, and might well be paid less.
单选题 What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?
  • A. All its courses are offered online.
  • B. Its online courses are of the best quality.
  • C. It boasts the largest number of students on campus.
  • D. Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。文章第一段里第三句和第四句中提到该校授予学位完全以网络教育为基础。故选A。
单选题 According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by ______.
  • A. a considerable flexibility in its academic requirements
  • B. the great diversity of students' academic backgrounds
  • C. a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instruction
  • D. the casual relationship between students and professors
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。题干中的basically与第二段最后一句中的generally相呼应,该句中的minimize和选项中的minimum相呼应。故选C。
单选题 Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can ______.
  • A. earn their academic degrees with much less effort
  • B. save a great deal on traveling and boarding expenses
  • C. select courses from various colleges and universities
  • D. work on the required courses whenever and wherever
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。由题干中的mainly because可以定位到第三段第一句和第二句。通过句义理解可知学生选择这种学习方式的原因主要是由于其便捷性。故选D。
单选题 What accounts for the high dropout rates for online students?
  • A. There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.
  • B. The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.
  • C. There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.
  • D. Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。根据题干中dropout一词可以定位到第三段第三句。故选C。
单选题 According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of ______.
  • A. building up their reputation
  • B. cutting down on their expenses
  • C. upgrading their teaching facilities
  • D. providing convenience for students
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。末段第二句和第三句提到虽然在满足远程教育方面要在服务器和网络进行更多的投资,但是从长远来看这样的做法还是省钱的。这与选项B的陈述不谋而合。故选B。