单选题
It's generally been said that history is written by the winners. This was never more true than on March 12, when the Texas board of education voted 10-5 in favour of curriculum standards that would promote conservative takes on controversial issues in the pages of the state's textbooks. The changes, expected to win final approval in May, include an increased emphasis on and sympathetic treatment of such Republican standards as the National Rifle Association and the Moral Majority. They also boast the advantage of capitalism and the role of Christianity in the nation's founding. Even Thomas Jefferson's profile will be reduced; some board members were less than fond of his ideas about the division of church and state. This is not Texas' first such skirmish. Since the 1970s, the state has tried to drop books that were seen as too liberal or anti-Christian, to omit passages on the gay-rights movement and to tone down global-warming arguments. But the nation's battle over textbooks stretches back almost half a century earlier. In 1925, Tennessee's Butler Act (which was abolished in 1967) made it illegal to teach " any theory that denies the story of the Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible. " The Scopes " monkey trial" famously followed. In 1974, a clash erupted in Kanawba County, West Virginia, over the controversial writings of such authors as George or well, Arthur Miller and Allen Ginsberg, Opposition was so heated that some schools were firebombed. As one of America's largest textbook buyers, the Longhorn State has a good deal of sway over what is sold to schools nationwide. And while Napoleon may have maintained that " history is the version of past events that people have decided to agree upon, " getting Texans to come together on the past may prove to be their Waterloo.
单选题
It can be learned from the first paragraph that______. [A] the Texas board of education voted to decide whether to teach history in schools [B] the problems of the capitalist society are criticized in the Texan textbooks [C] the political standard in Texan textbooks is more similar to that of the Republicans [D] most Texas education board members are for the division of church and state
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 推断题。由题干提示定位到第一段。该段第三句说:The changes, expected to win final approval in May, include an increased emphasis on and sympathetic treatment of such Republican standards as the National Rifle Association and the Moral Majority. 这些修改可能将在五月份被最终审核通过,包括对美国来复枪协会和道德多数派这样的共和党标准的强调和支持。可以推断出C项是正确的。
单选题
The word " skirmish " (Line 1, Para.2) most probably means______. [A] accident [B] conflict [C] challenge [D] disaster
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 语义理解题。由题干提示定位到第二段。第一段讲述的是得克萨斯州教育委员会对于教科书的选择进行投票的案例及其准备修改的某些方面,第二段第一句承接上文说This is not Texas' first such skirmish. 这并非得克萨斯州第一次出现这种______。可见skirmish这一名词与前文所讲的教科书争议有关。再结合下文所说的,全国范围的教科书纷争其实可以再向前追溯半个世纪,可以推断skirmish为“矛盾;冲突”之意,故选B。
单选题
Which of the following is true according to the second paragraph? [A] The Texans hold a favourable attitude towards religion. [B] The Texans are sympathetic with the gay-rights movement. [C] It was illegal to teach religion in Tennessean schools in 1920s. [D] George Orwell was widely hailed by West Virginians in 1970s.
【正确答案】
A
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。由题干提示定位到第二段。根据第二句中的Since the 1970s, the state has tried to drop books that were seen as too liberal or anti-Christian…自从20世纪70年代以来,该州一直都在设法放弃那些看起来过于带有自由主义倾向或反基督教倾向的教科书,可以推知,得克萨斯州人对基督教应该是很支持的,故选A项。
单选题
What can be learned from the last paragraph? [A] Longhorn State is the largest textbook printer in the US. [B] The textbook choice in many American schools is affected by Longhorn State. [C] The Texans share the same opinion with Napoleon about past events. [D] The Texans would eventually reach an agreement on the choice of textbooks.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】[解析] 细节题。由题干提示定位到最后一段。根据本段第一句中的the Longhorn State has a good deal of sway over what is sold to schools nationwide. 号称“长角牛之都”的得克萨斯州对于销往全国学校的教材有着相当大的影响力,可以推知B项为正确答案。短语has a good deal of sway over意为“对…有重大影响”。
单选题
What's the author's main purpose in writing this passage? [A] To describe the winners in history. [B] To reveal the social problem in America. [C] To give a brief account of Napoleon's opinion. [D] To illustrate the textbook wars in the U. S.