单选题
·Read the article below about monopoly.
·Choose the correct word to fill each gap from A,B.C or D.
·For each question(21-30).mark one letter(A,B,C or D)on your Answer Sheet.
Monopolv is one points the peculiar{{U}} (21) {{/U}}.which can affect the sale and purchase of certain commodities.In some markets,there may be only one seller or a {{U}}(22) {{/U}}.of sellers working very closely together to control prices.The result of such monopolistic activitv is to fix prices at a level{{U}} (23) {{/U}}to the seller,a level which may bring him artificially high profits.Many governments dislike this procedure and have taken legal actions to{{U}} (24) {{/U}}.or halt such business activities.In the U.S.anti-trust laws operate to limit cartels and mergers.{{U}} (25) {{/U}}in Britain the Monopolies Commission examines all special arrangements and mergers referred to them by the Board of Trade.
This type of monopoly is not the only{{U}} (26) {{/U}},however.There are three other forms:state,legal and natural.State monopolies are quite common nowadays,where the{{U}} (27) {{/U}}in a particular country control industries like steel and transport or important and prestigious revises like national airlines.Legal monopolies are rather different,because the law permits certain individuals to{{U}} (28) {{/U}}solely from their special inventions,discoveries or processes.Ne other person may infringe their rights in respect to{{U}} (29) {{/U}}monopolies.
Finally,natural monopoly{{U}} (30) {{/U}}where a nation or individual possesses most of a particular mineral for reasons of geography and geology.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[精析] points是“看法,论点,观点,要点”之意。views是“见解、态度、方式”之意。indicators是“信号、标记”之意。只有C选项factors符合文中要求,为“因素、要素、系数”之意。即:影响某种商品购销的独特因素。故选C。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[精析] 与句中前面的“one seller”对应,且在市场上形成垄断,一般是由一个卖家或一个卖家集团来控制市场价格。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[精析] “定一个对卖家来说适宜的价格”,只有D符合本意。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[精析] 由“or half such business activities”可以判断出,政府对此是持反对意见,也就是不支持的,要限制它,选项B为“限制、限定(数量、范围等)”之意。halt使……停止,阻止;impose强加;refrain节制,避免。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[精析] 后文中英国也采取了一些措施与前句中的美国政府一样,此空前后句为并列成分,故选C。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[精析] 通过“Theie are three other forms…”可推断出,此项上段的描述只是垄断中可能性之一,所以为A项。
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】
[精析] 结合前后文,此句是说一些特别的国家利用权利对某些行业进行管制.形成政府垄断形式。C符合文意。authorities指的是权力机构,一个被授予权力的机构,特别是政府或政府官员;government指的是政府,<英>内阁,政体等。
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[精析] “Legal monopolies are mtherdifferent…”由对政府垄断的不同的描述得知,此句的意思是合法的垄断是不相同的。立法是允许个人从其特别的发明、发现等中受益的。B符合要求。
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[精析] 其他人不能侵犯此类合法的垄断行为。in respect to意思是“在……方面”,sueh monopolies指合法的垄断行为,如上文中提到的个人发明、发现等等。
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[精析] arise为出现、产生、发展,正式用语,符合要求。故选A。derive源自,出自;stem源自,起源于。