单选题
第一段 ①五年来，中国经济实力跃上新台阶。②国内生产总值从54万亿元增加到82.7万亿元，年均增长7.1%，占世界经济比重从11.4%提高到15%左右，对世界经济增长贡献率超过30%。③财政收入从11.7万亿元增加到17.3万亿元。④居民消费价格年均上涨1.9%，保持较低水平。⑤城镇新增就业6600万人以上，13亿多人口的大国实现了比较充分就业。
第二段 ⑥经济结构出现重大变革。⑦消费贡献率由54.9%提高到58.8%，服务业比重从45.3%上升到51.6%，成为经济增长主动力。⑧高技术制造业年均增长117%。⑨粮食生产能力达到1.2万亿斤。⑩城镇化率从52.6%提高到58.5%，8,000多万农业转移人口成为城镇居民。
第三段
创新驱动发展成果丰硕。
全社会研发投入年均增长11%，规模跃居世界第二位。
科技进步贡献率由52.2%提高到57.5%。
载人航天、深海探测、量子通信、大飞机等重大创新成果不断涌现。
高铁网络、电子商务、移动支付、共享经济等引领世界潮流。
“互联网+”广泛融入各行各业。
大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展，日均新设企业由5千多户增加到1万6千多户。
第二段 ⑥经济结构出现重大变革。⑦消费贡献率由54.9%提高到58.8%，服务业比重从45.3%上升到51.6%，成为经济增长主动力。⑧高技术制造业年均增长117%。⑨粮食生产能力达到1.2万亿斤。⑩城镇化率从52.6%提高到58.5%，8,000多万农业转移人口成为城镇居民。
第三段
创新驱动发展成果丰硕。
全社会研发投入年均增长11%，规模跃居世界第二位。
科技进步贡献率由52.2%提高到57.5%。
载人航天、深海探测、量子通信、大飞机等重大创新成果不断涌现。
高铁网络、电子商务、移动支付、共享经济等引领世界潮流。
“互联网+”广泛融入各行各业。
大众创业、万众创新蓬勃发展，日均新设企业由5千多户增加到1万6千多户。
【正确答案】①Over the past five years, economic strength has reached a new high. ②China's gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan with average annual growth of 7.1 percent. And its share in the global economy has grown to roughly 15 percent, up from 11.4 percent. China's contribution to global growth has exceeded 30 percent. ③Government revenue has increased from 11.7 trillion to 17.3 trillion yuan. ④Consumer prices rose at an average annual rate of 1.9 percent, maintaining a relatively low level of growth. ⑤More than 66 million new jobs have been created in the urban areas, and our country, with its population of over 1.3 billion, has achieved relatively full employment. ⑥Over the past five years, the structure of the Chinese economy has seen a major transformation. ⑦With the share of the service sector rising from 45.3 to 51.6 percent of the economy, consumption's contribution to growth has increased from 54.9 to 58.8 percent, becoming the main driving force of growth. ⑧High-tech manufacturing has achieved an average annual increase of 117 percent, ⑨and the annual grain yield has reached 1.2 trillion jin (0.6 trillion kilograms). ⑩China's urbanization rate has risen from 52.6 to 58.5 percent, and more than 80 million people who have relocated from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency. Innovation-driven development has yielded fruitful outcomes. China's investment in research and development (R&D) has grown at an average annual rate of 11 percent, ranking second in the world in scale. The contribution of technological advances to economic growth has risen from 52.2 to 57.5 percent. In manned spaceflight, deep-water exploration, quantum communications, large aircraft development, and more, China has seen a stream of major outcomes of innovation. In high-speed rail, e-commerce, mobile payment, and the sharing economy, China is leading the world. The Internet Plus model has permeated every industry and every field. Business startups and innovation are thriving all over the country, and the average number of new businesses opened daily has risen from over 5,000 to more than 16,000. Rapidly emerging new growth drivers are reshaping China's growth model, profoundly changing the way we live and work, and having become a new hallmark of China's innovation-driven development.
【答案解析】1．②句“国内生产总值从54万亿元增加到82.7万亿元，年均增长7.1%”，其中后半句是前半句的进一步补充说明，翻译时可以采用with引导的伴随状语结构来体现这层逻辑关系，译作China's gross domestic product (GDP) has risen from 54 trillion to 82.7 trillion yuan with average annual growth of 7.1 percent. 2．⑤句的前半句可以按照原文的句子结构，处理成In the urban areas, there are more than 66 million new jobs，但英文更习惯使用被动结构，故可将中文的主动语态改为被动语态，译作More than 66 million new jobs have been created...；后半句中的“13亿多人口的大国”是背景信息，翻译时可把这个主语的前置定语处理成with引导的介词短语作状语，然后把主语“大国”和后面的内容合译。 3．句既可以按照原文结构处理成The outcomes of innovation-driven development are fruitful/impressive/remarkable，但这样不免显得头重脚轻，不符合英文的表达习惯，故可以采用词性转换的方法，将原句的表语“丰硕”转化为定语，并增译动词yield，处理成Innovation-driven development has yielded fruitful outcomes，使译文的语言显得更加地道。 4．句如果直接按照原文结构处理，译文会显得头重脚轻，为了平衡译文的句子结构，我们在翻译时可以采用转换法，将原文的主语“高铁网络、电子商务……”转换成状语，同时补充主语China，译作In high-speed rail, e-commerce, mobile payment, and the sharing economy, China is leading the world. 5．句中的“深刻改变生产生活方式”，翻译时可以按照原文结构处理成profoundly changing our lifestyles and the modes of production，也可以灵活变通，译作profoundly changing the way/how we live and work，更加符合地道的英语表达。