单选题 Heroin addictions today is found chiefly among young men of minority groups in ghetto (犹太人区) areas. Of the more than 60 000 known addicts, more than half live in New York State. Most of them live in New York City. Recent figures show that more than half of the addicts are under 30 years of age. Narcotic addiction in the United States is not limited to heroin users. Some middle-aged and older people who take narcotic drugs regularly to relieve pain can also become addicted. So do some people who can get drags easily, such as doctors, nurses, and pharmacists. Studies show that this type of addict has personality and emotional problems very similar to those of other regular narcotic users.
Many addicts admit that getting a continued supply is the main object of their lives. An addict's concentration on getting drugs often prevents continuing an education or working at a job. His health is often poor. He may be sick one day from the effects of withdrawal and sick the next day from an overdose. Statistics show that an addict's life span may be shortened by 15 to 20 years. The addict is usually in trouble with the family and almost always in trouble with the law.
Some studies suggest that many of the known narcotic addicts had some trouble with the law before they became addicted. Once addicted, they may become even more involved with crime because it costs so much to support the heroin habit. Most authorities agree that the addict's involvement with crime is not a direct effect of the drug itself. Turning to crime is usually the only way to get that much money. The addicts' crimes are nearly always thefts or other crimes against property.
Federal penalties for illegal narcotics usage were established under the Harris on Act of 1914. The Act provides that illegal possession of narcotics is punishable by fines and/or imprisonment. Sentences can range from 2 to 10 years for the first offense, 5 to 20 years for the second, and 10 to 20 years for further offends.
Illegal sale of narcotics can mean a fine of $ 20 000 and a sentence from 20 to 40 years for later offenses. A person who sells narcotics to someone under 18 is refused parole and probation, even for the first offense. If the drug is heroin, he can be sentenced to life imprisonment or to death.
单选题 What is the topic of this passage?
  • A. How to cure a drug addict.
  • B. Heroin and narcotic.
  • C. The harm of the drags and the anti-drug measures taken by the government.
  • D. The American laws.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 这道题要求考生通读全文并归纳出本文的中心大意。文中前三段讲的是毒品的危害,后两段讲的是政府采取的反毒品措施。
单选题 An addict cannot continue his education or work at a job, because of ______.
  • A. his concentration on getting drugs
  • B. his personality
  • C. his emotional problems
  • D. his shortage of money
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 这道题的答案在第二段的第二句话,“吸毒者对吸毒的专注妨碍了他们的学习或工作”。
单选题 According to the author, how can the addicts get the money for drugs?
  • A. By borrowing from their families.
  • B. By hard working.
  • C. In an illegal way.
  • D. The author doesn't mention it.
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 这道题的答案在第三段倒数第二句话,“turning to crime”就是“an illegal way”。
单选题 According to the author, who can get narcotic easily?
  • A. Government men.
  • B. Medical workers.
  • C. The minorities.
  • D. The Jews.
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] 这道题的答案在第一段。这一段里提到的“doctors,nurses,and pharmacists”都属于“medical workers。
单选题 A person who sells heroin to a kid can be ______.
  • A. fined $ 20000
  • B. sentenced to 5 to 20 years in prison
  • C. sentenced to 20 to 40 years in prison
  • D. sentenced to death
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 这道题要求考生对文中提到的量刑标准进行综合分析,注意文中最后两句,就能得山答案。