多选题 Questions 8-10 are based on the following passage.
Given the persistent and intransigent
nature of the American race system, which
proved quite impervious to black attacks,
Line Du Bois in his speeches and writings moved
(5) from one proposed solution to another, and
the salience of various parts of his philoso-
phy changed as his perceptions of the needs
and strategies of black America shifted over
time. Aloof and autonomous in his personal-
(10) ity, Du Bois did not hesitate to depart
markedly from whatever was the current
mainstream of black thinking when he per-
ceived that the conventional wisdom being
enunciated by black spokesmen was proving
(15) inadequate to the task of advancing the race.
His willingness to seek different solutions
often placed him well in advance of his con-
temporaries, and this, combined with a
strong-willed, even arrogant personality
(20) made his career as a black leader essentially a
series of stormy conflicts.
Thus Du Bois first achieved his role as a
major black leader in the controversy that
arose over the program of Booker T.
(25) Washington, the most prominent and influ-
ential black leader at the opening of the
twentieth century. Amidst the wave of
lynchings, disfranchisement, and segregation
laws, Washington, seeking the good will of
(30) powerful whites, taught blacks not to protest
against discrimination, but to elevate them-
selves through industrial education, hard
work, and property accumulation; then, they
would ultimately obtain recognition of their
(35) citizenship rights. At first Du Bois agreed
with this gradualist strategy, but in 1903
with the publication of his most influential
book, Souls of Black Folk, he became the
chief leader of the onslaught against
(40) Washington that polarized the black com-
munity into two wings—the "conservative"
supporters of Washington and his "radical"
critics.

单选题 Which of the following statements about W. E. B. Du Bois does the passage best support?

A. He sacrificed the proven strategies of earlier black leaders to his craving for political novelty.
B. Preferring conflict to harmony, he followed a disruptive course that alienated him from the bulk of his followers.
C. He proved unable to change with the times in mounting fresh attacks against white racism.
D. He relied on the fundamental benevolence of the white population for the eventual success of his movement.
E. Once an adherent of Washington's policies, he ultimately lost patience with them for their inefficacy.

【正确答案】 E

【答案解析】The last sentence points out that Du Bois originally agreed with Washington's program. Choice A is incorrect. Nothing in the passage suggests that Du Bois sacrificed effective strategies out of a desire to try something new. Choice B is incorrect. Du Bois gained in influence, effectively winning away large numbers of blacks from Washington's policies. Choice C is incorrect. Du Bois's quickness to depart from conventional black wisdom when it proved inadequate to the task of advancing the race shows him to be well able to change with the times. Choice D is incorrect. Washington, not Du Bois, is described as seeking the good will of powerful whites.

单选题 It can be inferred that Booker T. Washington in comparison with W. E. B. Du Bois could be described as all of the following EXCEPT

A. submissive to the majority
B. concerned with financial success
C. versatile in adopting strategies
D. traditional in preaching industry
E. respectful of authority

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】The author does not portray Washington as versatile. Instead, he portrays Du Bois as versatile. Choice A is incorrect. The author portrays Washington as submissive to the majority; he shows him teaching blacks not to protest. Choice B is incorrect. The author portrays Washington as concerned with financial success; he shows him advocating property accumulation. Choice D is incorrect. The author portrays Washington as traditional in preaching industry; he shows him advocating hard work. Choice E is incorrect. The author portrays Washington as respectful of authority; he shows him deferring to powerful whites.

单选题 The author's attitude towards Du Bois's departure from conventional black policies can best be described as

A. skeptical
B. derisive
C. shocked
D. approving
E. resigned

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】Although the author points out that Du Bois's methods led him into conflicts, he describes Du Bois as "often.. well in advance of his contemporaries" and stresses that his motives for departing from the mainstream were admirable. Thus, his attitude can best be described as approving.