单选题
The nurse is caring for a client who has hemoconcentration after fluid loss. Which IV fluids would be the most appropriate fluid replacement therapy for this client? A. Distilled water. B. Dextrose 5% in water (D5W) only. C. DSW with 40 mEq of potassium chloride. D. Dextrose 10% in saline.
【正确答案】
B
【答案解析】Increasing fluid volume and urine output is the main consideration when fluid replacement therapy is indicated. Therefore, DSW and a hypotonic solution would be indicated. Distilled water is never given for IV replacement therapy, even though it's a hypotonic solution. Potassium chloride is added when adequate output is established, depending on the extent of hypokalemia determined by laboratory electrolyte studies. Dextrose 10% in saline is a hypertonic solution that increases the degree of osmotic pressure and would increase intracellular dehydration; therefore, it's contraindicated.