【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] For most of us, success and the ability to control our own fate are linked to our ability to lead. Leadership, in fact, is something that concerns everyone. A leader does not necessarily occupy a formal leadership position, for example, as the assistant secretary of state or the chief executive officer. Very often people with leadership titles are not necessarily leaders. Parents, spouses, teammates, colleagues, friends, classmates or playmates can all be leaders if they so desire. A teacher can also be as a leader as he or she is a friend. In fact, most of us spend a great deal of time trying to get other people to do willingly what we want them to do, and that, in the purest sense of the term, is what leadership is all about. Of course, we can force people to do things for a short period of time, but that is not leadership. A true leader is apt to persuade and influence other people to accept his ideas, to follow him and to take action. So, what is the essence of leadership? Basically, what is required of a true leader? It is communication. Without communication, leadership does not exist. It is impossible to get someone to do something without verbal or nonverbal communication. We rely on communication to manage and motivate. We use communication to resolve conflict and facilitate innovation as well as to negotiate. We may expect our leader to be frank, direct, and to the point. We may also expect that our ideal leader listens, is willing to talk, is open to discussion and constructive suggestions, is receptive to new ideas, and is supportive. But, in most social interactions and economic activities, an ideal and recognized leader invariably emerges as the most competent communicator. [分析] 词义理解题。关于成功和领导能力的关系，文中说success and the ability to control our own fate are linked to our ability to lead即成功和掌控我们自身命运的能力与我们领导的能力是联系在一起的。由此可见，成功与领导能力是有关系的。因此题干的说法与原文含义相符，是正确的。 [解题关键] 掌握同义词替换是解题的关键。文中词组are linked to与题干中has something to do with意思相当。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 语义的理解和判断。 根据原文Leadership，in fact，is something that concerns everyone可知领导能力与每个人都是有关系的。由此可见，题干说领导能力并非与所有人有关是错误的。因此题干的说法与原文意思不符，是错误的。 [解题关键] 掌握关键词含义有助于正确解题。原文中concern含义是“与……有关系，涉及”。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 词义理解题。 根据原文A leader does not necessarily occupy a formal leadership position可知，领导未必占据正式的领导职位。由此可见，题干认为领导必须拥有领导职位与原文意思不符，是错误的。 [解题关键] 掌握同义词替换是解题的关键。原文occupy与题干中possess意思相同。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 特定信息的找寻和判断。 根据原文Parents，spouses，teammates，colleagues，friends，classmates or playmates can all be leaders if they so desire可知，父母、配偶、队友、同事、朋友、同学或玩伴们都可以是领导，如果他们愿意的话。由此可见题干说队友和同学不应被视为领导与原文意思不符，是错误的。 [解题关键] 根据题干中关键词正确定位到原文相关信息处。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 语义的理解和判断。 根据原文In fact，most of us spend a great deal of time trying to get other people to do willingly what we want them to do， and that，in the purest sense of the term，is what leadership is all about可知，我们很多人花大量时间去使他人心甘情愿做我们希望他们做的事，实际上这一点就是最真切的领导意义。由此可见，题干的说法与原文意思相符，是正确的。 [解题关键] 1)掌握同义词替换，原文中the purest sense与题干中the true meaning意思相同；2)掌握代词的指代关系，只有了解文中that的指代关系才能正确解题，这里that指其前面一句话的内容，即使他人心甘情愿做我们希望他们做的事。

【正确答案】 B

【答案解析】[解析] 语义的理解和判断。 根据原文we can force people to do things for a short period of time，but that is not leadership可知，我们虽然可以暂时强迫别人行事，但那并非领导。由此可见，题干的说法与原文意思不符，是错误的。 [解题关键] 注意相关信息处连词的使用，原文使用but确定了前后内容的对立，而题干中and则表明前后内容的承接。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 词义理解题。 根据原文的问答部分So，what is the essence of leadership? Basically，what is required of a true leader? It is communication可知，交流是领导才能的本质，是真正的领导不可缺少的素质。由此可见，题干认为领导最重要的要素是交流与原文意思相符，是正确的。 [解题关键] 掌握同义词替换。原文the essence与题干中the most important element意思相符。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 语义的理解和判断。 根据原文We may also expect that our ideal leader listens…可知我们还可能期望理想完美领导会倾听，由此可见，题干的说法与原文意思相符，是正确的。 [解题关键] 正确掌握关键词的内涵是解题关键。原文中expect意思是“期待，指望”，体现了人们对理想完美领导的要求，与题干中should意思相吻合。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 词义理解题。 根据原文We may also expect that our ideal leader．．．is receptive to new ideas可知，我们期望理想完美的领导善于接受新思想。由此可见，题干的说法与原文意思相当，是正确的。 [解题关键] 掌握同义词替换是解题关键。原文中is receptive to意思是“善于接受……”与题干中be ready to accept意思相符。

【正确答案】 A

【答案解析】[解析] 词义理解题。 根据原文…an ideal and recognized leader invariably emerges as the most competent communicator可知，理想的、大众公认的领导一般是最擅长交流的人。 [解题关键] 掌握同义词替换是解题关键，原文中competent与题干中capable意思相当。