In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no
control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence
market conditions. With no difference between his products and the products
{{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}his competitors, he will sell nothing
if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or
{{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}the market price. However, in
considering the price, he must take the {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}}
{{/U}}of production into consideration. There are times when he may be willing to
sell below his cost. This might happen when prices tumble for {{U}}
{{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}he believes will be a short time. However, no
business person can {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}to lose money for
a prolonged period. He must be constantly {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}}
{{/U}}of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to competes
successfully and earn a profit. Many people have the impression
that as production increases, costs per unit decrease. {{U}} {{U}}
7 {{/U}} {{/U}}mass production has made this true in certain industries
and at certain levels of production, {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}}
{{/U}}logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise
beyond a certain level of production. Some economists {{U}} {{U}}
9 {{/U}} {{/U}}to this principle as the law of increasing
costs. The reason costs rise as production goes up is {{U}}
{{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}. However, it is easy to recognize that as
production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also
grow, {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}competitive bidding in the
marketplace for the factors of production. If a producer needs {{U}}
{{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}skilled labor to produce more, and none of
this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get {{U}} {{U}}
13 {{/U}} {{/U}}from other sources. This can be done by {{U}}
{{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}higher wages. Higher bidding would also apply
to the other factors of production. We must also recognize that not all labor is
equally productive, {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}not all land is
equally fertile and not all ore (矿石) is equally rich in the mineral
wanted.
【答案解析】[解析] 考查名词。四个选项分别代入后，cost和profit都可以，但是从后一句“There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost”，即“有时候他愿意以低于成本的价格出售”。由此可知，主要是讨论价格和成本的关系，所以答案为B。
单选题
A. that
B. why
C. what
D. if
【正确答案】
C
【答案解析】[解析] 这里考查的是宾语从句。这里“______ he believes will be a short time”做的是介词for的宾语，而从句中will前面显然缺少了主语，所以用what引导。