阅读理解
TEXTC
Todaywemakeroomforaremarkablynarrowrangeofpersonalitystyles.Wearetoldthattobegreatistobebold,tobehappyistobesociable.Weseeourselvesasanationofextroverts--whichmeansthatwehavelostsightofwhowereallyare.One-thirdtoone-halfofAmericansareintroverts--inotherwords,oneoutofeverytwoorthreepeopleyouknow.Ifyouarenotanintrovertyourself,youaresurelyraising,managing,marriedto,orcoupledwithone.
Ifthesestatisticssurpriseyou,thatisprobablybecausesomanypeoplepretendtobeextroverts.Closeintrovertspassundetectedonplaygrounds,inhighschoollockerrooms,andinthecorridorsofcorporateAmerica.Somefooleventhemselves,untilsomelifeevent—alayoff,anemptynest,aninheritancethatfreesthemtospendtimeastheylike-joltsthemintotakingstockoftheirtruenatures.Youhaveonlytoraisethissubjectwithyourfriendsandacquaintancestofindthatthemostunlikelypeopleconsiderthemselvesintroverts.
Itmakessensethatsomanyintrovertshideevenfromthemselves.WelivewithavaluesystemthatIcalltheExtrovertIdeal—theomnipresentbeliefthattheidealselfisgregarious,andcomfortableinthespotlight.Thearchetypalextrovertprefersactiontocontemplation,risk-takingtoheed-taking,certaintytodoubt.Hefavoursquickdecisions,evenattheriskofbeingwrong.Sheworkswellinteamsandsocializesingroups.Weliketothinkthatwevalueindividuality,butalltoooftenweadmireonetypeofindividual—thekindwho?scomfortable“puttinghimselfoutthere.”Sure,weallowtechnologicallygiftedlonerswholaunchcompaniesingaragestohaveanypersonalitytheyplease,buttheyaretheexceptions,nottherule,andourtoleranceextendsmainlytothosewhogetfabulouslywealthyorholdthepromiseofdoingso.
Introversion-alongwithitscousinssensitivity,seriousness,andshyness-isnowasecond-classpersonalitytrait,somewherebetweenadisappointmentandapathology.IntrovertslivingundertheExtrovertIdealarelikewomeninaman?sworld,discountedbecauseofatraitthatgoestothecoreofwhotheyare.Extroversionisanenormouslyappealingpersonalitystyle,butwe?veturneditintoanoppressivestandardtowhichmostofusfeelwemustconform.
TheExtrovertIdealhasbeendocumentedinmanystudies,throughthisresearchhasneverbeengroupedunderasinglename.Talkativepeople,forexample,areratedassmarter,better-looking,moreinteresting,andmoredesirableasfriends.Velocityofspeechcountsaswellasvolume:werankfasttalkersasmorecompetentandlikablethanslowones.Eventhewordintrovertisstigmatized-oneinformalstudy,bypsychologistLaurieHelgoe,foundthatintrovertsdescribedtheirownphysicalappearanceinvividlanguage,butwhenaskedtodescribegenericintrovertstheydrewablandanddistastefulpicture.
ButwemakeagravemistaketoembracetheExtrovertIdealsounthinkingly.Someofourgreatestideas,art,andinventions--fromthetheoryofevolutiontovanGogh?ssunflowerstothepersonalcomputer--camefromquietandcerebralpeoplewhoknewhowtotuneintotheirinnerworldsandthetreasurestobefoundthere.
单选题
Accordingtotheauthor,thereexists,asfaraspersonalitystylesareconcerned,adiscrepancybetween__________.
单选题
TheidealextrovertisdescribedasbeingallthefollowingEXPECT __________ .
单选题
Accordingtotheauthor,oursocietyonlypermits __________ tohavewhateverpersonality theylike.
单选题
Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsBESTreflectstheauthor'sopinion?
单选题
Theauthorwindsupthepassagewitha __________ note.