单选题 Passage 5 Bird wings have a much more complex job to do than wings of an airplane, for in addition to supporting the bird they must act as its engine, rowing it through the air. Even so the wing outline of a bird conforms to the same aerodynamic principles as those eventually discovered by people when designing airplanes, and if you know how different kind of aircraft perform, you can predict the flight capabilities of similarly shaped birds. Short, stubby wings enable a tanager and other forest-living to swerve and dodge at speed through the undergrowth, just as they helped the fighter planes of the Second Word War to make tight turns and acrobatic maneuvers in a dog-fight. More modern fighters achieve greater speeds by sweeping back their wings while in flight, just as peregrines do when they go into a 130 kph dive, swooping to a kill. Championship gliders have long, thin wings so that, having gained height in a thermal up-current they can soar gently down for hours and an albatross, the largest of flying birds, with a similar wing shape and a span of 3 meters, can patrol the ocean for hours in the same way without a single wing beat. Vultures and hawks circle at very slow speeds supported by a thermal and they have the broad rectangular wings that very slow-flying aircraft have. People have not been able to adapt wings to provide hovering flight. That has only been achieved with the whirling, horizontal blades of a helicopter or the downward-pointing engines of a vertical landing jet. Hummingbirds have paralleled even this. They tilt their bodies so that they are almost upright and then beat their wings as fast as 80 times a second producing a similar downdraft of air. So the hummingbird can hover and even fly backwards.
单选题 Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 根据文章第一段第一句“Bird wings have a much more complex job to do than wings of an airplane,for in addition to supporting the bird they must act as its engine.rowing it through the air.”可知,鸟类的翅膀比飞机机翼要复杂得多,因为它除了要支撑鸟类的身体, 还要扮演引擎的角色,载着鸟儿翱翔长空。所以A、B两项正确,C项错误;又根据文章第 一段最后一句“if you know how different kind of aircraft perform.you can predict the flight capabilities ofsimilarly shaped birds.”可知如果你了解不同飞机的飞行性能,你就能够判断出 具有同样形状翅膀的鸟儿的飞行能力。所以D项正确。据此判断,本题选C。
单选题 Modern fighter planes can be compared to______in the way they move.
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 根据文章第二段第一句“Short,stubby wings enable a tanager and other forest-living to swerve and dodge at speed through the undergrowth,just as they helped the fighter planes of the Second Word War to make tight turns and acrobatic maneuvers in a dog-fight.”可知,而粗壮的翅膀 可以使唐纳雀和其他丛林鸟儿在穿越林下植被时快速转向和躲避障碍,就像其帮助第二次世界 大战时期的战斗机在混战中做急转弯和杂技般的战术转换一样。据此判断,本题选A。
单选题 Why can the hummingbird can hover and even fly backwards?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 根据文章最后一段倒数第三句“That has only been achieved with the whirling,horizontal blades of a helicopter or the downward-pointing engines of a vertical landing jet.Hummingbirds have paralleled even this.”可知,一架拥有回旋且水平螺旋桨的直升机或是拥有下冲引擎的垂直登陆喷气 机可以完成盘旋飞行。蜂鸟已经掌握了这种飞行方法。据此判断,本题选D。
单选题 What's the main idea of the passage?
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 根据文章第一段最后一句“Even SO the wing outline of a bird conforms to the same aerodynamic principles as those eventually discovered by people when designing airplanes,and if you know how different kind of aircraft perform,you can predict the flight capabilities of similarly shaped birds.”可知,即便如此,鸟类翅膀的轮廓与人们最终发现并应用于飞机设计的空气动 力学原理是吻合的。如果你了解不同飞机的飞行性能,你就能够判断出具有同样形状翅膀的 鸟儿的飞行能力。这一句起到总领全文的作用。据此判断,本题选D。