单选题
Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost

Eating potatoes is not only good for bowel health, but also for the whole immune system, especially when they come in the form of a potato salad or eaten cold. In a study on an animal model, researchers in Spain found that pigs fed large {{U}} {{U}} 1 {{/U}} {{/U}}of raw potato starch (RPS) not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, {{U}} {{U}} 2 {{/U}} {{/U}}as leucocytes and lymphocytes in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a {{U}} {{U}} 3 {{/U}} {{/U}}of inflammation or disease, generally when the body is challenged.
The general down-regulation of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more {{U}} {{U}} 4 {{/U}} {{/U}}body. The reduction in leucocyte levels was about 15 percent. Lower lymphocyte levels are also indicative of {{U}} {{U}} 5 {{/U}} {{/U}}levels of inflammation, but the observed reduction in both lymphocyte density {{U}} {{U}} 6 {{/U}} {{/U}}lymphocyte apoptosis is surprising.
In {{U}} {{U}} 7 {{/U}} {{/U}}was the longest study of its kind, pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to {{U}} {{U}} 8 {{/U}} {{/U}}the effect of starch on bowel health. "The use of raw potato starch in this experiment is {{U}} {{U}} 9 {{/U}} {{/U}}to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch," said study leader Jose Francisco Perez at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Humans do not eat {{U}} {{U}} 10 {{/U}} {{/U}}potatoes, but they do eat a lot of foods that contain resistant starch, such as cold boiled potatoes, legumes, grains, green bananas, pasta and cereals. About 10 percent of the starch eaten by human is resistant starch—starch that is not {{U}} {{U}} 11 {{/U}} {{/U}}in the small intestine and so is shunted into the large intestine where it ferments. Starch consumption is thought to reduce the {{U}} {{U}} 12 {{/U}} {{/U}}of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Immunology expert Lena Ohman's team {{U}} {{U}} 13 {{/U}} {{/U}}found that the overall lymphocyte levels do not vary for IBS patients, but that lymphocytes are transferred from the peripheral blood to the gut, which support the hypothesis of IBS being {{U}} {{U}} 14 {{/U}} {{/U}}least partially an inflammatory disorder. She says the decrease in lymphocytes observed by the Spanish is therefore interesting, and a diet of resistant starch may be worth {{U}} {{U}} 15 {{/U}} {{/U}}in IBS patients. Ohman is currently at the Department of Internal Medicine, Goteborg University, Sweden. The study is published in the Journal Chemistry and Industry, the magazine of the SCI.
单选题
  • A. quantities
  • B. qualities
  • C. varieties
  • D. societies
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 此处表示“大量未经加工的土豆淀粉”,large quantities of意为“大量的”,符合题意。
单选题
  • A. so
  • B. even
  • C. just
  • D. such
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 此处表示举例子,such as意为“例如”,符合题意。
单选题
  • A. path
  • B. threat
  • C. result
  • D. cause
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 此处表示“白细胞是由于炎症或疾病而产生的”,as a result of意为“由于”,符合题意。
单选题
  • A. unhealthy
  • B. simple
  • C. healthy
  • D. poor
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 由空格前的“an overall beneficial effect”可知,此处表示“更加健康的身体”,healthy意为“健康的”,符合题意。
单选题
  • A. reduced
  • B. removed
  • C. reflected
  • D. recovered
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 此处表示“淋巴细胞数量的降低表明炎症指标的下降”,reduce意为“减少,下降”,符合题意。remove除去;reflect反映;recover恢复。
单选题
  • A. because
  • B. or
  • C. but
  • D. and
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] both...and...意为“两者都”,符合题意。
单选题
  • A. what
  • B. where
  • C. which
  • D. that
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] what引导的句子作介词in的宾语从句,且what在宾语从句中作主语,符合题意。
单选题
  • A. respond to
  • B. result in
  • C. turn out
  • D. find out
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 此处表示“用未经加工的土豆淀粉喂养猪14周后来找出淀粉对肠道健康的影响”,find out意为“找出,发现”,符合题意。respond to对……做出反应;result in导致,引起;turn out制造。
单选题
  • A. designed
  • B. analyzed
  • C. ensured
  • D. beginning
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 此处表示“在试验中使用未经加工的土豆淀粉,就是为了模拟富含抗性淀粉的饮食所起的作用”,be designed to意为“目的是”,符合题意。
单选题
  • A. large
  • B. many
  • C. cooked
  • D. raw
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] 此处表示“人们不吃未经加工的土豆”,raw potatoes意为“未经加工的土豆”,符合题意。
单选题
  • A. digested
  • B. considered
  • C. treated
  • D. included
【正确答案】 A
【答案解析】[解析] 此处表示“人们食用的淀粉大约有10%为抗性淀粉,也就是不能在小肠中消化的淀粉”,digest意为“消化”,符合题意。consider考虑;treat对待;include包括。
单选题
  • A. position
  • B. effect
  • C. risk
  • D. safety
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】[解析] 此处表示“食用淀粉被认为可以降低患大肠癌的风险”,risk意为“风险,危险”,符合题意。position位置;effect影响;safety安全。
单选题
  • A. personally
  • B. previously
  • C. differently
  • D. similarly
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] personally亲自;previously以前,先前;differently不同地;similarly相似地。根据题意,应选B。
单选题
  • A. on
  • B. at
  • C. in
  • D. of
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】[解析] at least意为“至少”,符合题意。
单选题
  • A. try
  • B. to try
  • C. tried
  • D. trying
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】[解析] be worth doing sth.表示“值得做某事”,符合题意,故选C。