It is interesting to reflect for a moment upon the differences in the areas of moral feeling and standards in the peoples of Japan and the United States. The Americans divide these areas somewhatrigidly into the spirit and flesh, the two being in opposition in the 1life of a human being. Ideally, spirit should prevail but all too oftenit is the flesh which does prevail. 2 The Japanese make no this division, at least between one as 3good and the other as evil. They believe that a person has twosouls, each necessary. One is the "gentle" soul; other is the 4"rough" soul. Sometimes the person uses his gentle soul;sometimes he must use his rough soul. He does not favor his gentlesoul, neither he fight his rough soul. Japanese philosophers insist 5human nature in itself be good, and a human being does not need to 6fight any part of himself. He has only to learn how to use each soulproperly at the appropriate times. Virtue for the Japanese consists of 7fulfilling one's obligations to others. Happy endings, either in life orin fiction, are neither necessary nor expected, while the fulfillment 8of duty provides the satisfying end, whatever the tragedy it inflicts.And duty includes a person's obligations to these who have conferred 9benefits upon him and to himself as an individual of honor. Hedevelops through this double sense of duty, a self-discipline whichis at once permissive and rigid, depending upon the area which it is 10functioning.