单选题
Reasons for Vegetarianism

Vegetarians choose their diet for many reasons. Some are health - conscious, some believe animal agriculture hurts the environment and others have moral or religious objections to meat.
Vegetarianism has become a popular health diet. Vegetarian favorites like fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes (豆科植物) are low in fat and cholesterol (胆固醇) and rich in fiber, vitamins C and E. The American Dietetic Association even reports that vegetarians have lower blood pressure, cholesterol and body mass indexes than non - vegetarians. Of course, no diet is automatically healthy. Vegetarians must make sure they take in enough protein, calcium and vitamin B12 without overindulging in fatty, high -calorie foods like cheese.
Many vegetarians are as concemed with the Earth' s well - being as they are with their own. Some vegetarians choose the diet for environmental reasons because they believe traditional agriculture has less of an ecological impact than animal agriculture.
People usually try not to think about where their meat comes from. It can be unpleasant toimagine your hamburger as a wide - eyed cow in the pasture, let alone as an unhealthy animal in acramped (狭小的) factory farm. But for many vegetarians, disassociation or denial is impossible. They often feel morally unable to eat animals slaughtered for their meat. Vegans take their ethical objections a step further and refuse to eat dairy or eggs from animals that they believe have led unnaturally short and unhappy lives.
Some of vegetarianism' s ethical concerns have spread to the mainstream. Even steadfast (忠诚的,忠实的) meat - eaters often like the idea of free - range (活动范围不受限制的) chicken or cage -free eggs- animal husbandry (饲养业) techniques that promise a more compassionate (表示怜悯同情的) altemative to traditional factory farming.
Vegetarians have long chosen the diet for ethical reasons. Although the first practitioners only temporarily avoided meat for purification, the first regular vegetarians began the diet after philosophical awakenings in the Eastern Mediterranean region and India.
The philosopher Pythagoras of Samos (c. 530 BC) taught vegetarianism to his followers. Pythagoras believed that because we are related to animals, we should treat them with kindness. Many other famous philosophers agreed--Plato, Epicurus and Plutarch condemned animal sacrifice and avoided eating meat.
In India, the Buddhist religions teach that humans should not kill living creatures for food. Although Buddhism later declined in India, vegetarianism remained and spread among people Many upper classes and some lower classes adopted the virtue of harmlessness, which forbade hurting living things.

单选题 Some vegetarians don' t eat meat because
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】根据题干定位到第一段:Vegetarians choose their diet for many reasons. Some are health-conscious, some believe animal agriculture hurts the environment and others have moral or religious objections to meat(素食者选择吃素出于很多原因。有些人为了健康,有些人认为养殖业对环境造成了伤害,还有些人对于肉食有的道德上或宗教上的反感),很显然四个选项中只有C选项与原文相符,因此本题的正确答案为C。
单选题 Compared with meat, vegetarian foods are
【正确答案】 C
【答案解析】根据题干定位到原文第二段第二句:Vegetarian favorites like fruit, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes are low in fat and cholesterol and rich inber, vitamins C and E(素食者喜欢的食物,如水果、蔬菜、全谷类和豆科植物,脂肪含量很低,而膳食纤维和维生素C和E的含量却很高),由此可以知道C选项是符合原文的,而排除了A和B两个选项。第二段第五句说: Vegetarians must make sure they take in enough protein, calcium and vitamin B12 without overindulging in fatty, high-calorie foods like cheese(素食主义者在不食用奶酪等高脂肪、高热量的食物的条件下,一定要保证摄取足够的蛋白质、钙质和维生素B12),由此我们可以推断,素食者的食物当中蛋白质、钙质和维生素B12的含量是不高的,因此排除D选项。
单选题 "Vegans" in line 4, paragraph 4 refers to
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】文章第四段说:大多数人都不去想自己吃的肉是从哪里来的,把手里的汉堡包想象成一头草原上睁着大眼睛的母牛是很令人不快的事情,更不用说想象成拥挤不堪的家工厂里一头不健康的动物,但是素食主义者却无法忽视这其中的联系,他们通常从道德上难以接受屠杀动物来作为自己的食物。然后紧接着说:Vegans take their ethical objections a step further and refuse to eat dairy or eggs from animals that they believe have led unnaturally short and unhappy lives(Vegans的这种道德上的反对更进一步,他们甚至拒绝食用牛奶或鸡蛋,他们认为这些动物度过了短暂而不幸的生命),由文章的前后逻辑不难看出vegans指的是更加彻底的素食主义者,即:在不吃肉的基础上拒绝食用牛奶或鸡蛋。因此本题的的正确答案为B。
单选题 The first regular vegetarians began the diet
【正确答案】 D
【答案解析】根据题干定位到第六段:Although the first practitioners only temporarily avoided meat for purification, the first regular vegetarians began the diet after philosophical awakenings in the Eastern Mediterranean region and India(尽管最早的素食践行者只是偶尔为了净化灵魂不吃肉,而最早的长期素食者始于地中海地区和印度的哲学觉醒后),显然本题的正确答案为D。
单选题 In paragraph seven, the author cites several philosophers to
【正确答案】 B
【答案解析】我们分析一下第六、七段的内容。第六段结尾部分说:最早的长期素食主义者出现于地中海地区和印度的哲学觉醒后),第七段马上举了该时期代表性的哲学家,以及他们在素食观点上的态度和做法,显然作者的用意是为了对第六段结尾部分提出的事实提出证据,因此本题的正确答案为B。