【答案解析】Negotiations for China"s accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) have been going on for 15 years. China"s stance remains the same.
[解析] 加入世界贸易组织除了accession to the WTO外还有几种译法,翻译时可注意使用多种表达方法以免重复,译文就使用了三种不同的表达方法。
中国坚持以发展中国家加入世贸组织,以求实现其权利和义务的平衡。China insisted on its
admission to the WTO
as a developing country, which called for a balance between its rights and obligations.
中国加入世贸组织的意义不仅在于贸易方面,而且关系到中国将来在世界经济中所起的作用以及全球经济未来的发展方向。China"s
entry into the WTO
is about more than trade; it is about China"s future role in the world economy and about the future direction of the global economic development.
加入世贸组织意味着在进口政策方面要承担一些约束性的任务。Joining the WTO means assuming binding obligations in respect of import policies.
【答案解析】After its entry into the WTO, China will steadily expand its opening-up in the areas of commodity and service trades, create a level playing field for open and unified competition between Chinese and overseas enterprises, establish and improve a foreign economic and trade system which complies with the internationally accepted rule for economic activities and which conforms to the national conditions of China and provide overseas enterprises coming to China for trade and economic cooperation with increased and more stable market access.
[解析] 入世后,中国将有步骤地做几件事情。翻译时可将这几件事情并列。汉语几个并列的动词“扩大”、“创造”、“建立和健全”、“提供”可分别译作英语的expand,create,establish and improve,provide并列作谓语,在最后一个动词provide前添加and。
原文中有些词按字面意思直译会显得十分别扭。例如,“步骤”不能译成step,而是要吃透词在上下文中的含义,将“有步骤地”理解成“稳步地”,译作steadily。“通行”也不能想当然地译成passing,而是应将“国际经济通行规则”译作the internationally accepted rule for economic activities,这里根据语义的需要增加了activities,即“国际经济活动的通行规则”。“条件”被译作playing field,译者通过对原文的理解进行了意译。“条件”是一抽象名词,根据不同上下文可选择不同译法。例如:
这里的生活条件不太好,咱们暂且克服点吧。The living
conditions
here are not good, but let"s put up with them for a while.
你们付款的条件是什么?What are your
terms
of payment?
双方同意在对等的条件下进行谈判。Both sides agreed to carry out the negotiations on a reciprocal
basis
.
在交通上我们有一切便利条件。We have all
facilities
for transportation.
我们所提供的帮助不附带任何条件。The aid we provide has no
strings
attached.
让我们讨论一下有关这件事情的有利和不利的条件。Let"s discuss the
advantages and disadvantages
of the matter.
“为国内外企业创造公开、统一、平等竞争的条件”译成create a level playing field for open and unified competition between Chinese and overseas enterprises,增加了介词between,这是出于语法的考虑。类似的例子有:
我们应当努力缩小贫富差距。We should make an effort to narrow the gap
between
the rich and the poor.
最负盛名的中餐菜系有南方的粤菜、北方的鲁菜、东部的淮扬菜和西部的川菜。
Among
the best-known schools of Chinese culinary tradition are the Cantonese cuisine of the south, the Shandong cuisine of the north, the Huai-Yang cuisine of the east and the Sichuan cuisine of the west.
原文两个“符合”译时为了避免重复可考虑使用不同的词,译文分别使用了comply with和conform to。其他表示“符合”意思的词组还有tally with,accord with,in accordance with, coincide with, be consonant with; cohere with, correspond to等。
【答案解析】China"s admission to the WTO will inject new vigour to the economic developments of China, Asia and other countries and regions of the world. The Chinese people will benefit from China"s accession to the WTO, and so will the people of other countries in Asia and the world.
[解析] “中国加入世界贸易组织”的三种译法:China"s accession/admission to WTO及China"s entry into the WTO。可看到,译文全部采用了动词转化成名词的方法。这一转换的好处是不仅使译文更加正式,而且使本来的分句变成了名词性短语,以此充当主语与后面的文字衔接,使接下来的翻译变得较为简单了。原文出现了两个“从中受益”,即“中国人民将从中受益”和“亚洲和世界各国人民也将从中受益”,译成英语使用了一个倒装句,so will...替代了will also benefit from...的内容。
三讲教育是指讲学习,讲政治,讲正气。Three emphases education is to stress theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct.
中国共产党必须代表中国先进社会生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益。CPC must always represent the requirements of the development of China"s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China"s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China.