【答案解析】The lecture mainly talks about two approaches to make paintings more perspective and realistic during the Renaissance period. The first approach is to project images by using optical devices, such as camera or concave mirrors. These lens can fill in the colors or shadings, which were used even earlier than the appearance of the microscope and the telescope. The second revolution was the paint oils. The new oil dries slowly and it can keep its color longer than before. Also, the blended paint can make vivid shadows to suggest three-dimensional form. All these elements make paintings more and more perspective. [听力原文] W: Before the Renaissance, paintings appeared flat and lack luster, without real depth or dimension. But after the Renaissance, several methods were used that helped the paintings look more perspective and realistic. One of the effective approaches is the optical devices to project images used as early as 1425, like the camera or concave mirrors. Useful as it is as a tool, a lens can arrange a composition, fill in the colors or shadings, or make many other artistic decisions that are needed to create a painting. It meant that artists began using optical lenses even earlier than scientists did: the microscope and telescope weren't invented until the 1590s. The second change was that artists began using one special kind of paint oils. It dried very slowly, allowing artists to mix larger batches of paint and keep it for more than one painting session. Slow drying paint can also be carefully blended to make soft, seamless shadows necessary for the modeling that suggests three-dimensional form. The oil in oil paint made pigments translucent, allowing artists to apply colors in generating glowing colors. All these properties made it especially good for drawing details, from soft feathers to dazzling glass, making the painting more perspective.