阅读理解 Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we" fit" in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the library is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on. The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high speed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly. A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook. Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterations made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited.

单选题 According to the writer, people often assume different statuses______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】细节题。本题询问的是作者的观点，人们经常能给自己设定不同身份的依据是什么。文章第二段的第一句和第二句指出我们的身份根据不同的交往对象经常变化，而且我们中的大多数人都能在极短的时间内根据不同的情况给自己设定不同的身份，故选项D“随着环境的变化”为正确答案。文章第二段的第三句话中虽提到了"identifying”一词，但它在文中的意思是“辨别自己的位置或自我确定”，而选项A中的 identify sb．with sb．意为“把．．视为同．．一样”，故选项A“为了把自己看作与别人一样”不是正确答案。选项B“为了更好地辨别别人”和选项C“当心理过程发生变化时”均是本文未提到的内容。

单选题 The underlined word" appraisal" (Para.2) most probably means"______".

【正确答案】 C

【答案解析】词汇题。本题需要根据上下文的内容推断出appraisal一词在文中的意思。文章第二段的第三和第四句话作出的appraisal 和解释推理出的。由此可见，选项C“估计”最符合 appraisal 在文中的意义，而选项A“牵连进去 (卷入)”、选项B“欣赏(赏识)”及选项D“描述，描绘”，均脱离了appraisal 所出现的上下文的内容。

单选题 By saying that" an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince" (Para.3), the writer means______.

【正确答案】 D

【答案解析】推理题。本题需要根据上下文判断一句话在文中的意义及其作用。“an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince．”出现在文章第三段中，而作者在这一段中说明的问题是身份的选择像成衣的选择一样都是有限的，这一段落思想主题从这一段的第一句及最后一句体现出来：“A status has been compared to ready-made clothes．”及“Statuses too come ready made，and the range of choice among them is limited．”作者说“—个美国人不能选择中国农民的服装，也不能选择印度王子的服装”，实际上是在引用例证说明本段落的主题。也就是说，作者说这句话的目的是为了说明“我们对身份的选择是有限的”，故选项D为正确答案。选项A“不同的人有不同的服装式样”和B“现成的衣服有时需要修改”显然都不能服务于作者要在第三段中表达的主题，故选项A和B不是正确答案。选项C“正像衣服一样，身份也是现成的”虽然与第三段中的某些语句吻合，但它也没能点清文章第三段的主题，不是作者引用这一例证最终要表达的意义，故选项c不是最佳答案。