单选题 As in the field of space travel, so in undersea exploration new technologies continue to appear. They share a number of similarities with each other — as well as some important differences.
Manned submersibles (潜水器), like spaceships, must maintain living conditions in an unnatural environment. But while a spaceship must simply be sealed against the vacuum of space, a submersible must be able to bear extreme pressure if it is not to break up in deep water.
In exploring space, unmanned vehicles were employed before astronauts. In undersea exploration, on the other hand, men paved the way, only recently have unmanned remote-operated vehicles (ROVs) been put to use.
One reason for this is that communicating with vehicles in orbit is much easier than talking to these underwater. A vacuum am ideal medium for radio communications, but underwater communications are limited to much slower sound waves. Thus, most undersea vehicles—particularly ROVs— operate at the end of long ropes.
For a similar reason, knowing where you are undersea is much more difficult than in space. A spaceship's position can be located by following its radio signal, or by using telescopes and radar. For an undersea vehicle, however, a special network of sonar (声纳) must be laid out in advance on the ocean' floor in the area of a dive to locate the vehicle's position.
Though undersea exploration is more challenging than outer space in a number of respects, it has a distinct advantage: Going to the ocean depths doesn't require the power necessary to escape Earth's gravity. Thus, it remains far less expensive.

单选题 People did not begin to use unmanned vehicles in undersea exploration until recently because of______.
A. the communication problem B. the ocean depths
C. the movement of waves D. the problem of vacuum

单选题 By "more challenging" (Para. 6), the author means ______.
A. more interesting B. more demanding
C. more attractive D. more'dangerous

单选题 Ocean exploration is not so expensive as space travel mainly because ______.
A. it is not affected Earth's gravity
B. most undersea vehicles operate at the end of long ropes
C. ROVs have been put to use
D. there is no need for submersibles to get away from Earth' s gravity

单选题 The sonar devices must be placed ______.
A. from time to time
B. after the undersea vehicle dives
C. at the time when the undersea vehicle is diving
D. before the undersea vehicle dives

单选题 Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the passage?
A. New techniques are continually developed and new machines invented for undersea exploration.
B. If not well built, a submersible is most likely to get crushed in deep water.
C. A submersible, when manned looks very much like a spaceship.
D. In certain respects undersea exploration is often faced with the same problem as space travel is.